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Psychology
Biopsychology
The Stages of Sleep: Ultradian Rhythm
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Created by
Preet Dukhi
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Cards (37)
What can be observed by an electroencephalogram while you sleep?
Distinctive
brainwave patterns
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How often do brainwave patterns repeat during sleep?
Every
90 minutes
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What is the 24-hour circadian rhythm known as?
Sleep
/
wake
cycle
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What is the difference between circadian and infradian rhythms?
Circadian is
daily
; infradian is less frequent
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What are the five main distinctive brainwave patterns?
Delta
,
theta
,
alpha
,
beta
,
gamma
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How do brainwave patterns change as sleep deepens?
They become slower and higher in
amplitude
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What are the four distinct stages of sleep?
N1
(light sleep)
N2
(deeper sleep)
N3
(slow-wave sleep)
REM
(rapid eye movement sleep)
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What does N1 stage of sleep feel like?
Sensation of moving from
awake
to
asleep
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What are hypnic jerks?
Sudden
movements when
falling asleep
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What brainwaves are present in N1 stage?
Theta waves
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What characterizes N2 stage of sleep?
Deeper sleep with
sleep spindles
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What is the heart rate and body temperature like in N3 stage?
Both
fall
significantly
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What are delta waves associated with?
Deep sleep in
N3 stage
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What is REM sleep also known as?
Paradoxical sleep
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What happens to the body during REM sleep?
The body is
paralyzed
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How many full sleep cycles do humans usually have in a night?
4 to 5
cycles
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What happens to the proportion of REM sleep in each cycle?
It increases with each cycle
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What did Kleitman's studies in 1957 demonstrate?
Regular sleep cycles using
EEG
recordings
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What did Shapiro's research in 1981 find about sleep?
Intense activity leads to longer
slow-wave sleep
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What is the debated function of REM sleep?
Memory consolidation
or
brain recovery
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What percentage of sleep do babies spend in REM?
About
80%
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How does understanding sleep stages benefit individuals?
It helps track and improve
sleep quality
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What change occurred in sleep stage classification in 2007?
Stages 3 and 4
were combined
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How are circadian and ultradian rhythms related?
They may use the same
internal clock
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What is nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT)?
Men
develop an
erection
during
sleep
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How often does NPT occur during the night?
About
five
times a night
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What is the proposed benefit of NPT for men's health?
Provides
oxygenated
blood to the penis
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What is the relationship between sleep stages and overall health?
Sleep
stages
impact
physical
and
mental
well-being
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How does sleep deprivation affect cognitive function?
It
impairs
memory
and
decision-making
abilities
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What role does sleep play in emotional regulation?
It helps manage
stress
and mood stability
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How does technology influence sleep quality?
It can
disrupt
sleep patterns and quality
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What are sleep hygiene practices?
Behaviors that promote
better
sleep quality
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How does diet influence sleep patterns?
Certain
foods can
enhance
or
disrupt
sleep
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What is the connection between sleep and mental health disorders?
Poor
sleep can exacerbate mental health issues
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How do sleep needs vary across different age groups?
Older adults
need less sleep than
infants
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What physiological changes occur during sleep?
Body temperature
and
heart rate
decrease
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Why is sleep important for physical recovery and performance?
It aids in
muscle repair
and recovery
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