Chapter 14 APUSH

• Crittenden Compromise


  A plan for a constitutional amendment to protect slavery from federal interference in any state where it already existed and for the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line to the California border.
• total war


  A military conflict in which as aspects of society are mobilized. The conflict is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved. Often the "laws of war" are disregarded.
• habeas corpus


  Idea of right to a speedy trial and to be told what crime one is accused of. Lincoln suspended this for many during the Civil War.
• Homestead Act


  Congress (1862) made public lands in the West available to settlers without payment, usually in lots of 160 acres, to be used as farms.
• Morrill Tariff


  This was an act passed by Congress in 1861 to meet the cost of the war. It raised the taxes on shipping from 5 to 10 percent however later needed to increase to meet the demanding cost of the war.
• Confiscation Acts


  This allowed the north to take the property of the confederates and was intended to free the slaves, based on the argument that slaves were property.
• Conscription Acts


  Acts passed to instate the draft in the North.
• Emancipation Proclamation


  This famous speech freed zero slaves, but changed the motivation and focus of the North and motivated them to fight.
• Gettysburg Address


  "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." -Lincoln, speech given after one of the bloodiest battle in the Civil War
• Peace Democrats/copperheads


  A nickname for a faction of Democrats in the North that opposed the Civil War, because they were likened to a venomous snake.
• 13th Amendment


  Change in the Constitution that made slavery illegal
• attrition warfare


  This represents a strategy that attempts to grind down an opponent through superior numbers. It attempts to win a war by wearing down the enemy to the point of collapse through continuous losses in personnel and material. The war will usually be won by the side with greater such resources.
• Appomattox


  This is the final battle of the Civil War, where the South surrenders to the North.
• Anaconda Plan


  The Union's Plan to Blockade the South.
• The Monitor and the Merrimac


  Names of the 2 iron clad ships that fought in the Civil War. The battle ends in a draw, but the Union is able to maintain its blockade.
• greenbacks


  Another name for paper currency.
• Ulysses S Grant


  General for the North that accepted the surrender from the South and later became President
• Robert E Lee


  General for the South that led the troops; he gave the south a huge advantage in terms of military leadership
• Radical Republicans


  This was a faction of the party led by Sumner and Stevens that strongly opposed slavery during the war and distrusted Confederates during Reconstruction, demanding harsh penalties. They supported equal rights, civil rights and voting for freedmen and led Congressional Reconstruction in the South.
• Civil Liberties


  These are personal freedoms or rights that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process.