Understanding encoding, storage, and retrieval

• What is the definition of encoding in memory?

  Converting sensory information for storage
• What are the main types of encoding strategies?

  • Visual Encoding: Memorizing appearances
  • Auditory Encoding: Memorizing sounds
  • Semantic Encoding: Memorizing meanings
• What is the process of transforming sensory inputs into codes called?

  Encoding
• How does encoding relate to memory retention?

  Good encoding improves memory retention
• Why is good storage important in memory?

  It helps us recall information when needed
• Why is visual encoding important?

  It helps in remembering faces and images
• What is auditory encoding?

  Memorizing sounds and spoken information
• How does auditory encoding help students?

  It aids in remembering songs and lectures
• What is the definition of storage in memory?

  How we keep information after encoding
• Why is encoding important for memory retrieval?

  It organizes information for easier retrieval
• What are the three stores in the multi-store model of memory?

  • Sensory Memory
  • Short-Term Memory (STM)
  • Long-Term Memory (LTM)
• What is visual encoding?

  Memorizing what things look like
• What does good encoding do for memory retrieval?

  Makes retrieval easier
• What is the duration of Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  Around 30 seconds
• What is the function of sensory memory?

  Holds sensory information briefly
• What is the capacity of Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  About 7 items
• What is the function of Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Stores information permanently
• What are the types of sensory inputs transformed during encoding?

  • Visual codes (sights)
  • Auditory codes (sounds)
  • Semantic codes (meanings)
• What is recognition in the context of memory retrieval?

  Identifying information when you see it again
• What is one factor that affects encoding?

  Attention
• How can storage in memory be compared to computer functions?

  It is like saving files on a computer
• What is the role of long-term memory?

  Permanently stores information for later use
• How can retrieval be compared to computer file management?

  Like finding a saved file on a computer
• What is the definition of retrieval in memory?

  Accessing encoded and stored information
• What does Short-Term Memory (STM) temporarily hold?

  Information you're actively using
• What is the capacity of Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Unlimited capacity
• What are the main factors affecting encoding, storage, and retrieval of information?

  • Attention
  • Relevance
  • Repetition
  • Stress and Emotions
  • Study Environment
• Why is relevant information easier to remember?

  It relates to something you already know
• What is the duration of sensory memory?

  Milliseconds to seconds
• What is necessary to transfer information from STM to LTM?

  Rehearsal (repeating the information)
• What is a factor that can hinder memory retrieval?

  Strong emotions
• What does storage represent in the memory process?

  It is like a computer's hard drive
• Why is semantic encoding beneficial for studying?

  It helps in understanding facts and concepts
• What is semantic encoding?

  Memorizing the meaning of information
• What is recall in the context of memory retrieval?

  Bringing information to mind from memory
• What type of information is easier to store and retrieve?

  Meaningful information
• What does the multi-store model of memory explain?

  How information moves between memory stages
• How does attention affect information encoding?

  Without attention, information isn't stored well
• How does the study environment affect memory?

  A quiet space helps with concentration
• What are the two main types of retrieval processes?

  Recall and recognition