Evaluation of Experimental Types

Created by

Amber Foster

Cards (70)

What does standardization in laboratory experiments ensure?
Precise measurements and consistency
What is a potential drawback of high control in laboratory experiments?
The artificial environment may not reflect reality
How do laboratory experiments ensure precise measurement of effects?
By standardizing variables in a controlled environment
What is the significance of minimizing confounding factors in laboratory experiments?
It allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships
How does the controlled environment of laboratory experiments affect research outcomes?
It allows for rigorous testing of hypotheses
Why do researchers manipulate variables in laboratory experiments?
To observe their effects on outcomes
What is one advantage of laboratory experiments?
They provide a controlled environment
How does using a standardized IQ test in a lab exemplify the advantages of laboratory experiments?
Provides a controlled environment
Standardizes variables for accurate assessment
Minimizes external interference
Where do field experiments take place?
In real-life settings
Why is generalizability an advantage of field experiments?
Findings apply to everyday situations
What challenges do field experiments face compared to laboratory experiments?
Standardization and control issues
What is one disadvantage of laboratory experiments?
Artificial environment affecting behavior
What are demand characteristics?
Clues that influence participant behavior
What is the main advantage of field experiments?
They study behavior in natural contexts
How might students perform differently on a memory test due to demand characteristics?
They may try harder knowing they're observed
What is a limitation of generalizability in laboratory experiments?
Findings may not apply to real-world settings
How do the disadvantages of laboratory experiments affect research outcomes?
They can introduce biases and limit applicability
In what way might taking an exam in a lab differ from a real-world exam room?
Participants may behave differently in a lab
Why might a sleep study in a lab not reflect everyday sleep patterns?
Due to the controlled environment of the lab
What is a key benefit of field experiments compared to laboratory experiments?
Greater ecological validity
Why do field experiments have high ecological validity?
They occur in real-life settings
How does natural behavior in field experiments differ from laboratory settings?
Participants act spontaneously in field experiments
Why are results from laboratory experiments considered reliable?
Due to standardized procedures
How does an artificial environment impact participants in laboratory experiments?
It may affect their behavior during the study
What is a disadvantage of natural experiments?
Limited control over confounding variables
How do field experiments maintain control over variables?
By observing spontaneous reactions
What is the implication of participants being unaware in natural experiments?
It minimizes the influence of demand characteristics
How does the ecological validity of natural experiments compare to laboratory studies?
Natural experiments have higher ecological validity
What type of events can natural experiments study effectively?
Infrequent events
Why are natural experiments useful for studying rare events?
They allow study of infrequent events
What ethical consideration is a drawback of natural experiments?
Difficulty in obtaining informed consent
Why might researchers choose natural experiments over laboratory studies?
To achieve more natural behavior observations
Why can control be an issue in field experiments?
Variables can be harder to control, causing confounding factors
Why might participants be unaware of a natural experiment?
They are often part of real-world situations
How might wind affect a field experiment studying plant growth?
It can influence the amount of sunlight received
How do natural experiments reduce demand characteristics?
Participants are typically unaware they are studied
What is a key difference between natural and laboratory experiments regarding cause-and-effect relationships?
Natural experiments do not fully isolate them
What are demand characteristics in laboratory experiments?
Participants alter actions knowing they're observed
How do confounding variables affect natural experiments?
They can influence the results unpredictably
How does ecological validity differ among the experimental types?
Laboratory: Low ecological validity
Field: High ecological validity
Natural: Highest ecological validity