Hormone Functions

Created by

Amber Foster

Cards (36)

What body processes do hormones regulate?
Growth, metabolism, and mood
What are the general functions of hormones?
Coordinate body processes
Regulate growth
Manage metabolism
Influence mood
What is the role of adrenaline in the body?
Prepares for fight or flight
What role does insulin play in the body?
Controls blood sugar levels
How do hormones and the endocrine system work together?
Hormones circulate through the endocrine system for communication
What are secondary sex characteristics influenced by estrogen?
Breast development and wider hips
What is the primary function of hormones?
To coordinate and regulate body processes
What are the distinct roles of key hormones like adrenaline, testosterone, and estrogen?
Adrenaline: Prepares for fight or flight
Testosterone: Promotes male characteristics
Estrogen: Regulates female reproductive system
What does adrenaline do to energy levels?
It increases energy levels
How do hormones like adrenaline, testosterone, and estrogen impact body processes?
They have specific targets and effects
How does a negative feedback loop maintain homeostasis?
By reversing any deviation from the set point
Where do hormones travel to in the body?
To target cells in other parts
What is the outcome of the hypothalamus activating hair erector muscles?
Body temperature is raised until the set point is reached
What is the role of thermoreceptors in negative feedback loops?
Detect cold temperature (stimulus)
Signal to the hypothalamus
Activate responses to restore set point
What do hormones bind to in target cells?
Hormone receptors
What is the primary function of estrogen?
Regulates the female reproductive system
What effect does adrenaline have on the body?
Increases heart rate and prepares for action
How do hormones differ from neurotransmitters?
Hormones circulate slowly for longer-term regulation
How does adrenaline affect heart rate?
It increases heart rate
What is a negative feedback loop?
A process that maintains homeostasis
What is the result of hormone binding to receptors?
It activates signaling pathways
What does insulin do when it binds to liver cells?
It stimulates glucose uptake and storage
How do hormones differ from the nervous system in terms of action speed?
Hormones work through longer, sustained signaling
What male characteristics does testosterone promote?
Muscle growth and deep voice
What is the difference in action between steroid and non-steroid hormones?
Steroid hormones:
Fat-soluble
Cross cell membranes directly
Bind to intracellular receptors
Act slower but have sustained effects
Non-steroid hormones:
Water-soluble
Bind to membrane receptors
Trigger second messenger systems
Act rapidly
What type of hormones are steroid hormones?
Fat-soluble hormones
How do steroid hormones compare to neurotransmitters in terms of signaling speed?
Steroid hormones act slower than neurotransmitters
What are the mechanisms by which hormones achieve their effects?
Binding to hormone receptors on target cells
Activating signaling pathways
Triggering specific cell responses
What is the significance of the sustained effects of steroid hormones?
They provide long-lasting physiological changes
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers produced by glands
Which systems participate in negative feedback loops?
The nervous and endocrine systems
How do steroid hormones interact with cells?
They cross cell membranes to bind to receptors
What type of hormones are non-steroid hormones?
Water-soluble hormones
How do non-steroid hormones trigger cellular responses?
By binding to membrane receptors and activating second messengers
What is the process of a negative feedback loop in response to cold temperatures?
Cold temperature detected by thermoreceptors
Signal sent to the hypothalamus
Hypothalamus activates hair erector muscles
Body temperature raised until set point is reached
What happens when cold temperature is detected by skin thermoreceptors?
It signals the hypothalamus to raise body temperature