Long-Term Memory

• What is Long-Term Memory (LTM) compared to?

  A giant library in your brain
• What are the main types of encoding in long-term memory?

  • Semantic Encoding: Remembering by meaning
  • Acoustic Encoding: Remembering by sound
  • Visual Encoding: Remembering by appearance
• When can you access memories stored in Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Anytime needed, like remembering childhood
• What is the process of getting memories into long-term memory called?

  Encoding
• What are the three main retrieval processes from Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  • Recall: Accessing information without cues
  • Recognition: Identifying previously seen information
  • Relearning: Reacquiring previously studied information
• What is the relationship between encoding and long-term memory?

  Encoding is essential for forming long-term memories
• What are the key components of storage mechanisms in LTM?

  • Neural pathways
  • Synaptic connections
• What types of information can be found in Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Favorite songs and important life memories
• What do storage mechanisms in Long-Term Memory (LTM) involve?

  Physical changes in the brain
• How does Long-Term Memory (LTM) differ from short-term memory?

  LTM stores information indefinitely, short-term does not
• Why is practice important for memory stability?

  It strengthens synaptic connections over time
• What does visual encoding involve when remembering a phone number?

  Picturing the number on a phone
• What happens to neural pathways when you practice a skill like riding a bike?

  They become stronger and more automatic
• How does semantic encoding work when remembering a phone number?

  By thinking about what the numbers represent
• What are retrieval processes in memory?

  Ways to access stored memories in LTM
• What does Long-Term Memory (LTM) store?

  Everything you know, including memories
• How do neural pathways strengthen with learning?

  Through repetition of the learned material
• How do neural pathways and synaptic connections work together in memory storage?

  • Neural pathways form connections when learning
  • Synaptic connections strengthen with practice
  • Together, they enhance memory retrieval and stability
• What is recognition in memory retrieval?

  Identifying information you've seen before
• What are synaptic connections?

  Connections between neurons called synapses
• How long can Long-Term Memory (LTM) store information?

  Indefinitely, essentially forever
• How do synaptic connections change with repeated use?

  They become stronger and more stable
• What are retrieval cues and how do they function?

  • Retrieval cues are hints that trigger memories
  • Example: Hearing a song brings back related memories
• What analogy is used to describe short-term memory?

  Like a small notepad you can erase
• How do retrieval cues enhance memory retrieval?

  They trigger specific memories associated with cues
• What are neural pathways in the context of memory?

  Connections formed by neurons when learning
• What is a third reason for forgetting in long-term memory?

  Retrieval failure
• What is the capacity of long-term memory (LTM)?

  Unlimited capacity
• How can the brain be compared to a computer in terms of memory?

  Both store information through connections
• What type of memory stores personal experiences?

  Episodic Memory
• How do the three types of encoding differ from each other?

  They focus on meaning, sound, or appearance
• How does long-term memory (LTM) differ from short-term memory?

  LTM is like a giant hard drive
• What is another reason for forgetting in long-term memory?

  Interference
• What analogy is used to describe interference in memory?

  Having several apps on your phone
• What does recalling childhood details demonstrate about LTM?

  LTM stores memories for an extended period
• What are the two main types of Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Declarative and Non-Declarative Memory
• What might someone choose to forget due to emotion?

  A traumatic event
• What is Non-Declarative/Implicit Memory?

  • Operates unconsciously
  • Influences behaviors
• What is one reason forgetting occurs in long-term memory?

  Decay
• How does the capacity of Long-Term Memory (LTM) compare to short-term memory?

  LTM has a much larger capacity than short-term memory