key question cog

Cards (31)

  • What is the key question regarding eyewitness testimony?
    How reliable is eyewitness testimony?
  • What does eyewitness testimony refer to?
    It refers to accounts from witnesses of events.
  • Why is eyewitness testimony important to society?
    It helps in legal proceedings and justice.
  • Why does it matter if eyewitness testimony is inaccurate?
    It can lead to wrongful convictions and injustice.
  • When is eyewitness testimony most important?
    In legal cases and criminal investigations.
  • Why is accurate eyewitness testimony relevant to society?
    It can lead to wrongful convictions.
  • What is a consequence of wrongful convictions for society?
    The guilty person remains free to commit crimes.
  • How does wrongful conviction affect the economy?
    It incurs high costs for the justice system.
  • How long did Ronald Cotton spend in prison?
    11 years
  • What was Ronald Cotton convicted of?
    Rape based on inaccurate eyewitness testimony
  • Who was the actual offender in Ronald Cotton's case?
    Bobby Poole
  • What percentage of wrongful convictions are attributed to inaccurate eyewitness testimony?
    72%
  • What do innocence projects suggest about the percentage of innocent prisoners?
    2.3% of 580 prisoners are innocent
  • What does the statistic of 2.3% represent in the context of prisoners?
    The percentage of all prisoners who are innocent
  • How many prisoners were considered in the innocence project statistic?
    580 prisoners
  • What is the broader societal issue related to wrongful convictions?
    It affects public trust in the justice system.
  • What are the two concepts that help understand memory issues?
    Reconstructive memory and episodic memory
  • According to Bartlett's theory, how is memory reconstructed?
    Memory is reconstructed using schemas
  • What are schemas learned from?
    Past experiences
  • What is a potential problem with using schemas in memory recall?
    They may fill in gaps inaccurately
  • What does inaccurate eyewitness testimony imply about memory recall?
    It may rely on schemas to fill gaps
  • What criticism has been made against Bartlett's theory of memory?
    It over-emphasizes inaccuracies in memory
  • What is the main focus of reconstructive memory theory?
    Active reconstruction of memories
  • How do schemas affect memory recall according to Bartlett's theory?
    Schemas can distort memory accuracy
  • What type of memory stores events like witnessing a crime?
    Episodic memory
  • What is described as the "mental diary" in Tolving's theory?
    Episodic memory
  • How are episodic memories characterized in terms of context?
    They are dependent on context
  • What does it mean that episodic memories are more prone to distortion?
    They may lead to inaccurate eyewitness testimony
  • How does the presence of retrieval cues affect eyewitness testimony accuracy?
    It may improve the accuracy of testimony
  • What should police do to enhance the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?
    Recreate the crime scene
  • What are the implications of Tolving's theory on eyewitness testimony?
    • Episodic memory stores event details
    • Memories are context-dependent
    • Prone to distortion, affecting accuracy
    • Retrieval cues can enhance accuracy
    • Recreating crime scenes may improve testimony