Working of the constitution

• The textbooks of Political Science till now have helped us to take an overview of local government, the values and the philosophy of the Indian Constitution as also the governing structures created by the Constitution and India’s place in international relations.
• The Indian Constitution has declared its objective to establish a secular, democratic Republic.
• The Indian Constitution has made extremely important provisions to ensure that the citizens get justice and their freedom is protected.
• The Indian Constitution is seen as the means through which a progressive developed society based on social justice and equality will be established.
• This percentage has been raised to 50% in several states including Maharashtra.
• The Judiciary in India has played an important role in strengthening democracy and helping to make towards achieving the objectives of social justice and equality.
• The 73rd and 74th amendment reserved 33% of seats for women in local self-governing institutions.
• While interpreting the provisions of the constitution, the judiciary has specified the limitations on the power of the Parliament to make changes in the Constitution.
• Democracy requires good governance or best governing practices.
• The Judiciary has taken a stand that the Parliament while amending the constitution cannot alter the basic structure of the constitution.
• The constitution came into force on 26th January 1950 and since then the Government has been working in accordance with the principles of the constitution.
• Democracy in India is characterized by political maturity, social justice, and a well-functioning judicial system.
• Democracy does not merely imply a representative structure, it is an integral part of the political life of the society.
• The Indian people have direct representation in the Parliament, State legislature and local government.
• Take an interview of women representatives from local self-governing institutions from your area.
• The Government has made several concessions for the students of the minority community.
• Visit the official website of the National Election Commission to collect more information about it.
• Holding free and fair elections at regular intervals is an important indicator of India’s successful democracy.
• The increasing participation of the people in the political process and political competition shows that Indian democracy has become successful to a great extent.
• The Indian Constitution had made the provision of right to vote for adults.
• In the pre-independence period several provisions existed which restricted the Right to Vote, all such provisions were cancelled after independence and the Indian constitution guaranteed adult suffrage by giving the right to vote equally, to both men and women above the age of 21 years.
• The voting age was later reduced from 21 to 18 which gave opportunity of political participation to the young generation in India.
• Decentralisation of power is central to democratic government, it controls the misuse of power and also creates opportunities for political participation.
• Citizen empowerment is the essential condition of democracy.
• The Indian constitution prohibits discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, race, language and region.
• Changes are taking place in India as well.
• The principles of justice and equality aim at ending discrimination in social status such as superior or inferior on the basis of caste, religion, language and gender, place of birth, race, property and giving equality of opportunity for development to every individual.
• The Indian constitution provides a comprehensive provision for minorities which fundamentally protects their right to equality, freedom, right against exploitation and cultural and educational rights.
• The Indian constitution has made several provisions for the protection of minorities.
• Many countries in the world have made efforts to increase representation of women.
• Several policies have been adopted at national and international level to remove illiteracy among women and to make available opportunities for their development.
• From the very beginning, women in India have inadequate representation in politics and political institutions.
• In the post-independence period, efforts were made for empowering women.
• The policy of Reservation of seats is meant for those sections of society who have been deprived of the opportunities for education and employment for a long period of time.
• The government’s efforts and policies on this front are more important.
• In educational institutions and in government services, some seats are kept reserved for scheduled caste and scheduled tribes.
• To establish justice and equality, efforts are to be made at all levels of society.
• There is also a provision of reservation of seats for other backward classes.
• The government has adopted several policies for minorities to provide them the opportunities for education and employment.
• Democracy is a process of accommodating different sections in society.