variable oxidation states

    Cards (8)

    • Transition metals have multiple stable ions in different oxidation states
    • Vanadium has four main oxidation states, all of which can be easily prepared. Each vanadium ion is a different colour
    • Different ions of vanadium can be prepared by successive reduction with zinc in acid solution.
    • If the redox potential of a metal ion is a high value:
      The ion is more easily reduced
      The ion is less stable
      the electrode potential is high
    • Vanadium species in oxidation states IV, III and II are formed by the reduction of vanadate(V) ions by zinc in acidic solution.
    • The redox potential for a transition metal ion changing from a higher to a lower oxidation state is influenced by pH and by the ligand.
    • Redox potential refers to how easy it is to reduce a metal
    • The redox potential and standard electrode potential will differ if:
      1)The solution's ligands are different
      2)The solution's pH is different