explanations

• What is a limitation of the two-process model in explaining phobias?

  It is an incomplete explanation of phobia development
• What is one reason some individuals have phobias?

  They have never experienced the phobic stimulus
• How does evolutionary theory explain the development of phobias?

  We inherit a biological preparedness to fear threats
• What does 'biological preparedness' refer to in the context of phobias?

  Preparedness to fear stimuli threatening survival
• How might social learning theory (SLT) contribute to phobia development?

  By observing role models with phobias
• What happens to avoidance behavior in phobias when exposure occurs?

  It ceases to be reinforced and declines
• What is the significance of the two-process model in exposure therapies?

  • Phobias maintained by avoidance behavior
  • Exposure helps reduce anxiety
  • Avoidance behavior declines when exposure occurs
• What study provides research support for the two-process model?

  The study involving Little Albert
• What does the Little Albert study demonstrate about phobias?

  Phobias can be learned through classical conditioning
• What is a limitation of using case studies like Little Albert in understanding phobias?

  They may not apply to all individuals
• What are the key points regarding the two-process model's explanation of phobias?

  • Incomplete explanation of phobia development
  • Phobias can arise from biological preparedness
  • Phobias can be learned through social learning
  • Supported by research like Little Albert study