NCM

• Emergency Action Principles are used to get an accident situation under control quickly.
• Release anxiety to your friends.
• Avoid negative talk.
• Relaxation techniques.
• Seek help and verbalize.
• In an emergency, it's important to survey the scene and call 911 or an emergency response team.
• A primary survey is done in an emergency to assess the victim's airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure, hemorrhage, and spinal cord injury.
• The airway in an emergency should be kept open as much as possible, and a cervical collar should be applied if available.
• There are two ways to open the airway in an emergency: the head tilt-chin lift maneuver and the jaw thrust maneuver.
• In an emergency, it's important to check if the victim is breathing and respond accordingly.
• Circulation in an emergency is checked for a palpable carotid pulse for adults and a brachial pulse for children and infants.
• Syrup of Ipecac is not a routine treatment for poisoning.
• Poisoning is the ingestion, absorption, or inhalation of any substance that causes illness or death when eaten, drunk, or absorbed even in relatively small quantities.
• Airway obstruction: types include anatomical, mechanical, and mild/severe management.
• Absorbed poisoning: remove the cloth, wash it with water, and observe for allergic reaction.
• Choking is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
• Snake bite: keep the affected area lower than the heart, clean with soap and water, splint part to reduce movement, limit ankle movement, and call poison control center.
• Motor vehicle accident: do not rush to get the victims out, most vehicle crashes do not involve fire, check ABC, lie on side, treat shock, and seek medical attention.
• External bleeding: direct wound pressure, elevate, apply pressure points, and use a tourniquet.
• Water rescue: “Reach, Throw, Row, Go”.
• Injected poisoning: remove the stinger, wash the wound, and apply cold compress.
• Give milk or water immediately.
• Ventricular fibrillation is a condition where the heart stops beating due to chaotic electrical activity.
• Adult & Child: Heimlich maneuver, abdominal and chest thrust.
• Inhaled poisoning: remove the victim from the toxic environment and into fresh air immediately, give 100% of O2, and call poison control center.
• Infant: 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts.
• Nose bleeding: sit upright, head bent slightly forward, pinch the nostrils, breathe through our mouth.
• Activated charcoal is not recommended for home use.
• Disability in an emergency is checked for injury to the nervous and musculoskeletal systems.
• Exposure in an emergency is removed from the offending environment.
• Look for contrasting options as they usually lead to the correct answer.
• If the answer is yes, you can just look for the option that will not need further intervention and only continue monitoring or assessment.
• Priorities in patient care can be decided based on ABC's (airway, breathing, circulation), safety and protection, rights of patient, assessment comes before any intervention, the less invasive procedures first before invasive ones, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
• If the answer is otherwise, then rephrase the question and follow the steps in answering a question.
• The question may be rephrased to "what is the best position after meals to prevent dumping syndrome?" and the answer is…c.
• Look for qualifiers such as "never, always, all, none" which are often absolute terms and generalizations.
• Do not choose these options.
• When preparing for exams, it's important to eliminate what you know is wrong and stay focused on the reworded question.
• Normal values can be determined by comparing the assessment data with normal ranges.
• One of the choices may be the correct option, eliminating the other choices.