Theories of Practice

• paradigm

  • the way you see things / how you view the world
  • set up the minds because of experiences
• mindset / perspective - corrects the image so it looks normal to you because that's how you are used to
• victim paradigm - blames the people of what they are
• agent paradigm - takes responsibility
• theory - offers explanatory statements, accepted principles, and methods of analysis, as opposed to practice, and involves abstract reasoning (and often, speculation).
• theory - a belief or principle that guides action or assists

  comprehension or judgment.
• theory - assumption based on limited information or knowledge or a conjecture
• theory - Usually it is an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena involving hypotheses and systematic modelling.
• formal theory - set of ideas in a logical system formulated and argued for publicly, commonly known and acknowledged.
• personal theory - privately held ideas that do not necessarily hang coherently together, but consist of a mixture of beliefs, values and assumptions, which are untested in the public arena, and heavily influence our practices and determine how we interpret the world and shape our encounters with people, situations and ideas.
• Models of practice aim to guide practice by providing a basis for decision-making.
• models - They are specific to occupational therapy and encapsulate the values and beliefs of the profession.
• model - They have embedded within them

  assumptions about the domain of concern of occupational therapy.
• model - They shape the way

  that professionals ‘see’ their practice and they provide guidance about what falls within

  the scope of practice and what does not.
• models of practice help to define the scope of practice.
• In the 1970s, when MOHO was being formulated as an approach to practice, most OT theory and practice focused on understanding and reducing impairment.
• CONCEPTS OF MOHO

  1. motivation for occupation
  2. routine patterning of occupations
  3. nature of skilled performance
  4. influence of environment on occupation
• MOHO is concerned with how people participate in daily occupations and achieve a sense of competence and identity
• Volition refers to the process by which people are motivated toward and choose what activities they do.
• The concept of volition asserts that all humans have a desire to engage in occupations and that this desire

  is shaped by previous experiences.
• Habituation refers to a process whereby people organize their actions into patterns and

  routines.
• These patterns of action are governed by habits and roles, which shape how people go about the routine aspects of their lives.
• Performance capacity refers to a person’s underlying mental and physical abilities and how those

  abilities are used and experienced in occupational performance.