MODULE EIGHT Communication for Work Purposes

• Organizational Communication Flows Information in organizations often flows in three ways, which is dictated by the size, nature, and structure of the organization. Whether in formal or informal setting, the way as to how employees communicate with each other affects the functions of business.
• Downward communication flow happens when those holding higher positions (directors, managers, supervisors) share information with lower-level employees. The most common examples include directives from department managers/heads to employees or performance feedback or evaluation of employees from their supervisors.
• Upward communication flow is when information moves from lower-level employees to high-level employees. This occurs when rank-andfile employees report to their immediate supervisors or team leaders. Common examples include project proposals, grievances and complaints, and suggestions for improvements.
• Horizontal communication flow - involves the exchange of information across departments at the same level in the organization. Its purpose is usually to request support to coordinate activities.
• Communication Networks - Another way of looking at how information flows in organizations is through communication networks. Simply put, this is the method that employees use to pass on information to other employees in an organization
• Chain network - communication travels up and down through the hierarchy. Each person communicates with only one person directly above or below in terms of relationship. It is following religiously the organization’s chain of command
• Y – Network - the flow of communication resembles an upside down Y; information flows upward and downward through the hierarchy, widening to encompass the number of employees reporting to a supervisor.
• Wheel network - information flows to and from a single person. Employees in the group communicate primarily with that person rather than with each other. Such a communication network is a fast means of getting information to employees. This network relies on the leader to act as the central conduit for the entire group’s communication.
• Circle network - employees communicate only with adjoining members of the organization. This is analogous to a group working in a physical arrangement such that workers can communicate with their immediate neighbors but not with others in the group
• All-channel or star network - communication flows upward, downward, and laterally among all members of the organization. This pattern of organization supports a participative culture.
• The grapevine or informal network is free to move in any direction, skip authority levels, and is as likely to satisfy group member’s social needs