Angiosperms

    Cards (10)

    • Angiosperms (flowering plants)
      • comes from the Greek words angeion meaning "redeptacle" and sperma meaning seed
      • have flowers as their reproductive organ (stamen as the male part and carpel as the female part)
      • Gymnosperms have flat leaves
      • They have hard woods and are used a food, clothing, and medicine
      • They are seasonal, so they die during autumn
      • They range from a tiny herb, parasitic vines, to gigantic trees
    • BASAL ANGIOSPERMS
      • shares the characteristics of both monocots and dicots
      • Magnoliidae
      • Laurales
      • Nymphaeales
      • Piperales
    • Magnoliidae
      • represented by the magnolias: tall trees bearing large, fragrant flowers that have many parts and are considered archaic (very old fashioned)
    • Laurales
      • produce fragrant leaves and small, inconspicuous flowers
      • grow mostly in warmer climates and are small trees and shrubs
      familiar plants in this group includes
      • bay laurel
      • cinnamon
      • spice bush
      • avocado tree
    • Nymphaeales
      • comprised of the water lilies, lotus, and similar plants
      • all species thrive in freshwater biomes and have leaves that float on the water surface or grow underwater
      • water lilies are particularly prized by gardeners and have graced ponds and pools for thousands of years.
    • Piperales
      • group of herbs, shrubs, and small trees that grow in the tropical climates
      • have small flowers without petals that are tightly arranged in long spikes
      • many species are the source of prized fragrance or spices
      • examples are berries of Piper nigrum are the familiar black peppercorns that are used to flavor many dishes
    • MONOCOTS
      • vascular tissue of the stem is not arranged in any particular pattern
      • root system is mostly adventitious and unusually positioned, with no major tap root
      • include familiar plants such as the true lilies (which are the origin of their alternate name: Liliopsida), orchids, grasses, and palms
      • many important crops are monocots, such as rice and other cereals, corn, sugar cane, and tropical fruits like bananas and pineapples
    • MONOCOTS
      • primarily identified by the presence of a single cotyledon in the seedling
      • include veins that run parallel to the length of the leaves and flower parts that are arranged in a three- or six-fold symmetry
      • no true woody tissue
      • in palm trees, vascular and parenchyma tissues produced by the primary and secondary thickening of meristems form the trunk; te pollen from the first angiosperms was monosulcate, containing a single furrow or pore through the outer layer
    • EUDICOTS
      • can be herbaceous (like grasses), or produce woody tissues
      • most produce pollen that is trisulcate or triporate, with three furrows or pores
      • root system is usually anchored by one main root developed from the embryonic radicle
      • comprise two-thirds of all flowering plant
    • EUDICOTS
      • characterized by the presence of two cotyledons in the developing shoot
      • true dicots, are characterized by the presence of two cotyledons in the developing shoot
      • veins form a network in leaves, while flower parts come in four, five, or many whorls
      • vascular tissue forms a ring in the stem whereas in monocots, vascular tissue is scattered in the stem
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