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Paper 3
Relationships
Evolutionary Explanations for Partner Preferences
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Gando
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Cards (30)
What does sexual selection explain in the context of partner preferences?
Traits that enhance
reproductive success
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How are traits favored by sexual selection passed on through generations?
They get passed on and exaggerated
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What is anisogamy?
Differences between male and female
gametes
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Which of the following is true of male gametes?
Small
,
mobile
,
continuously produced
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Which of the following is true of female gametes?
Large,
static
, limited production
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What is the energy investment like for male gametes?
Low
energy
investment
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What is the energy investment like for female gametes?
High
energy investment
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What two mating strategies does anisogamy lead to?
Inter-sexual
and
intra-sexual
selection
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What is inter-sexual selection also known as?
Female choice
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Why do females prefer quality over quantity in mate selection?
Due to their high
reproductive investment
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What traits do females look for in partners during inter-sexual selection?
Genetically
fit partners who can provide resources
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What do males compete for in inter-sexual selection?
To be chosen by
fertile
females
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What is intra-sexual selection also known as?
Male competition
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Why do males prefer quantity over quality in mate selection?
Due to low
reproductive investment
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What is dimorphism?
Physical differences between
sexes
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How is dimorphism related to intra-sexual selection?
Larger
males have an advantage
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What is the result of male competition in intra-sexual selection?
Reinforcing
advantageous
traits
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What was the aim of Buss's study?
Investigate
partner preferences
across cultures
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How many adults did Buss survey?
10,000
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How many countries were included in Buss's study?
33
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What did women value more than men in Buss's study?
Financial
prospects and ambition
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What did men value more than women in Buss's study?
Physical attractiveness
and
youth
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What do the findings of Buss's study support?
Anisogamy-based
evolutionary
preferences
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What did Clarke & Hatfield's study find regarding willingness to "go to bed" with a stranger?
75%
of men agreed, but
0%
of women
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What does Clarke & Hatfield's study support?
Intra-sexual
selection
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Which side of the nature vs. nurture debate does the evolutionary explanation align with?
Nature side
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How does female financial independence challenge the evolutionary explanation for partner preferences?
Resource-related
preferences may be
outdated
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What did Chang's study find regarding partner preferences in China?
Preferences changed over
25 years
due to social shifts
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What do the findings of Chang's study suggest?
Cultural
influences also play a role
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What kind of traits can sexual selection explain partner preferences through?
Traits that seem
disadvantageous
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