3.8.4 Evaluation of Romanian Orphan Studies

• What did the Romanian Orphan Studies investigate?

  The effects of institutionalisation on children
• What significant ethical considerations were raised by the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Vulnerability of children and consent issues
• What was the purpose of the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  To see how institutionalisation affected development
• How did the timing of adoption affect children's attachment and IQ scores?

  Later adoption led to more attachment difficulties
• How could the treatment of control groups in the Romanian Orphan Studies be perceived?

  As unequal treatment due to different care levels
• How did researchers compare the children in the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  By age of adoption: early vs. late
• What risk was associated with separating children from institutions in the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Disruption of routines and existing attachments
• Why were the children in the Romanian Orphan Studies considered highly vulnerable?

  They were unable to consent to participation
• What happens if attachment assessments vary greatly in scoring methods?

  It decreases reliability and affects interpretation
• What long-term issues might the studies' results relate to in adopted children?

  Long-term attachment issues
• What does the reliability of the studies depend on?

  Consistency of assessments like IQ tests
• What is a limitation of the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Unique conditions of Romanian orphanages
• What assessments were used in the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  IQ tests and attachment assessments
• Why is generalization of the Romanian Orphan Studies findings challenging?

  Due to cultural and economic differences
• Why are the initial years considered critical for healthy development?

  They significantly impact attachment and cognitive skills
• What is external validity concerned with?

  How well findings generalize to other settings
• What methods did researchers use to track changes in the children?

  IQ tests and attachment assessments
• What was a significant finding regarding children adopted after two years?

  They were more likely to have attachment difficulties
• What limitation is noted in the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Unique conditions may limit generalizability
• What were the Romanian Orphan Studies crucial in showing?

  Effects of early deprivation on development
• What varied outcomes are noted in other institutionalisation studies?

  Outcomes depend on care quality and timing of intervention
• How did the Romanian Orphan Studies relate to children's attachment?

  They examined attachment development after deprivation
• What is the focus of other institutionalisation studies?

  Broad range of developmental impacts and attachment patterns
• How do the methodologies of Romanian Orphan Studies differ from other studies?

  Romanian studies use longitudinal, others use mixed methods
• What type of design did the Romanian Orphan Studies use?

  Longitudinal design
• How does consistent scoring in attachment assessments affect reliability?

  It increases confidence in the findings
• What deficits did children experience due to severe early institutionalisation?

  Cognitive, emotional, and social deficits
• What are the similarities between Romanian Orphan Studies and other institutionalisation studies?

  • Emphasize the importance of early intervention
  • Use longitudinal designs to understand long-term effects
• What type of studies are the Romanian Orphan Studies classified as?

  Longitudinal studies with comparison groups
• What are the two key concepts for evaluating the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Validity and reliability
• What limitation arises from the unique conditions of Romanian orphanages?

  Difficulty in generalizing findings
• What are the Romanian Orphan Studies known for?

  Improving childcare policies
• What is a significant finding of the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Significant deficits in attachment and cognitive development
• Why might the unique conditions in Romanian orphanages affect external validity?

  They may limit generalizability to other environments
• What ethical consideration is highlighted in the Romanian Orphan Studies?

  High vulnerability of participants without consent
• What do other institutionalisation studies examine compared to Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Interventions and different levels of care
• What is a key aspect of the setting in Romanian Orphan Studies?

  Romanian orphanages with severe deprivation
• What are the key aspects compared between Romanian Orphan Studies and other institutionalisation studies?

  • Setting: Romanian orphanages vs. various institutions
  • Focus: Long-term effects vs. broad developmental impacts
  • Methodology: Longitudinal vs. cross-sectional and longitudinal
  • Findings: Deficits in development vs. varied outcomes
  • Limitations: Generalizability issues
  • Ethical considerations: Vulnerability vs. standard protocols
• What do the Romanian Orphan Studies focus on?

  Long-term effects on attachment and cognitive development
• How do other institutionalisation studies differ in their ethical considerations?

  They follow standard ethical protocols with consent