4.3.2.1 Immediate Exposure to Phobic Stimulus

• What occurs during extinction in flooding therapy?

  Fear response association is broken
• Why does fear start to subside in flooding therapy?

  Because nothing bad happens during exposure
• What are the key principles of flooding?

  Extinction and desensitization
• How does desensitization work in flooding therapy?

  Intense fear gradually diminishes
• What happens initially when someone is exposed to their phobia in flooding therapy?

  They feel intense anxiety
• What happens during the post-exposure review step of immediate exposure?

  • Feedback and Reflection: Discuss experience and perceptions
  • Future Strategy: Plan to generalize learned tolerance
• What does the preparation step in immediate exposure involve?

  • Client Assessment: Understand phobia and severity
  • Therapist Guidance: Explain process and outcomes
  • Safety Measures: Ensure a safe environment
• What is the purpose of immediate exposure to a phobic stimulus?

  To break the association between phobia and fear
• Why is safety important during immediate exposure therapy?

  To ensure the client can face their fear
• What realization occurs during flooding therapy for phobias?

  Phobic stimulus is not inherently dangerous
• How does prolonged exposure affect the phobic stimulus in flooding therapy?

  It reduces the fear response over time
• What is the purpose of observation and reinforcement during actual exposure?

  To monitor response and encourage presence
• How long should the exposure typically last during the actual exposure step?

  60-90 minutes
• What is the treatment method discussed for phobias?

  Immediate exposure
• What is emphasized during therapist guidance in immediate exposure?

  The need for commitment and acceptance
• What are the three key steps in the procedure of immediate exposure?

  Preparation, Actual Exposure, Post-Exposure Review
• What method was used to help patients confront their fear of spiders?

  • Patients were placed in a room with spiders
  • They remained until their fear diminished
  • This broke the association between phobia and anxiety
• What is discussed during the feedback and reflection phase of post-exposure review?

  The client's experience and reduced anxiety
• What specific phobia was mentioned in the study?

  Arachnophobia
• How would exposure therapy be conducted for someone with a fear of heights?

  • Use a controlled viewpoint
  • Ensure safety barriers are in place
  • Therapist present for reassurance
• How does immediate exposure to a phobic stimulus differ from gradual exposure?

  It involves jumping right into the situation
• How does immediate exposure lead to quicker desensitization?

  By confronting the fear directly and repeatedly
• What does immediate exposure to a phobic stimulus mean?

  Facing your phobia head-on
• What should be ensured about the environment during exposure therapy?

  The environment must be safe
• What should a therapist do if a session becomes too traumatic for the client?

  Stop the session immediately
• What is flooding in behavioral therapy?

  Direct exposure to greatest fear
• What is the focus of the future strategy in post-exposure review?

  To generalize learned tolerance to other situations
• What is a key feature of VRET compared to flooding?

  Offers controlled digital environments
• Why is immediate exposure considered effective for phobias?

  It significantly reduces anxiety levels
• What might happen to someone afraid of spiders during flooding therapy?

  They face spiders until fear subsides
• How might a person with a fear of heights experience immediate exposure?

  By being taken to the top of a tall building
• What is the main approach of gradual exposure?

  Slow desensitization
• What is the effectiveness percentage of EMDR therapy for anxiety?

  90%
• What is the first action in the preparation step of immediate exposure?

  Client Assessment
• What is the effectiveness percentage of ACT therapy for anxiety?

  75%
• How should a therapist respond if a client experiences intense anxiety during a session?

  Monitor them closely
• What does VRET stand for?

  Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy
• How do the effectiveness percentages of the different anxiety therapies compare?

  • EMDR has the highest effectiveness at 90%
  • VRET and MBCT have moderate effectiveness around 60-70%
  • ACT and TMS have lower effectiveness around 70-80%
• What must be ensured during the preparation step of immediate exposure?

  A safe environment for the exposure
• What are the risks that need to be managed during exposure therapy?

  • Intense anxiety levels
  • Potential trauma during the session
  • Need for a support system post-session