CNA Course Week 6

• heartburn - a burning sensation in the chest or throat; acid reflux
• hyperglycemia - high sugar in the blood
• hypoglycemia - low sugar in the blood
• jaundice - yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes
• vomitus - food and fluids expelled from the stomach through the mouth; emesis
• cognitive function - involves memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgment, and behavior
• confusion - a state of being disoriented to person, time, place, situation, or identity
• delirium - a state of sudden, severe confusion and rapid changes in brain function
• delusion - a false belief
• dementia - the loss of cognitive function that interferes with daily life and activities
• elopement - when a patient or resident leaves the agency without staff knowledge
• hallucination - seeing, hearing, feeling, or taking something that is not real
• paranoia - a disorder of the mind; false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation
• sundowning - signs, symptoms, and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness
• advance directive - a document stating a person's wishes about health care when that person cannot make his or her own decisions
• autopsy - the examination of the body after death
• end of life care - the support and care given during the time surrounding death
• palliative care - care to relive or reduce the intensity of uncomfortable symptoms without producing a cure
• post-mortem care - care of the body after death
• reincarnation - the belief that the spirit or soul is reborn in another human body or in another form of life
• rigor mortis - the stiffness or rigidity of skeletal muscles that occurs after death
• cirrhosis - a liver condition caused by chronic liver damage where scarred liver tissue blocks blood flow and normal function is affected
• type 1 diabetes - occurs most often in children and young adults where the pancreas makes no insulin; too much glucose remains in the blood and the onset is rapid
• type 2 diabetes - the body does not make insulin or use it well; the most common type of diabetes; risk factors include obesity and physical inaction
• gestational diabetes - develops during pregnancy and usually goes away after the baby is born
• hepatitis - inflammation and infection of the liver caused by a virus
• Crohn's disease - type of IBD where any part of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus can be infected
• ulcerative collitis - type of IBD where only the large intestine and rectum are affected
• inflammatory bowel disease - chronic inflammation of the GI tract
• gallstones - formed when bile hardens in the gallbladder, can block bile flow leading to inflammation
• gastro-esophageal reflux disease - occurs when a muscle at the end of the esophagus does not close properly leading to stomach acids that flow back up which can irritate and inflame the esophagus
• diverticulum - pouches that form on the weak spots of the colon wall and bulge outward
• diverticular disease - the condition of having infected diverticula; more common with obesity, smoking, lack of exercise, low fiber diet
• denial - first stage of dying; the person refuses to believe that they are dying
• anger - second stage of dying; the person becomes envious and resents those with life and health; the person blames others and finds fault
• bargaining - third stage of dying; the person may bargain with a higher power for more time and trade promises in exchange, often private
• depression - fourth stage of dying; the person mourns lost things and the future loss of life and thinks about what will be left behind
• acceptance - fifth stage of dying; the person is calm, at peace, and accepts death while completing unfinished business
• death rattle - noisy breathing from mucus collecting in the airway, signals that death is near
• signs of death - no pulse, respirations, or blood pressure