4.5.2.2 Effects of Disputing

• What is the definition of disputation in REBT?

  Challenging negative beliefs to feel better
• What is the purpose of disputation in REBT?

  To help modify negative beliefs for better feelings
• How might "I must always get perfect grades" be challenged in Logical Disputing?

  By stating perfection is rarely achievable
• What are the focuses of the three types of disputing in REBT?

  • Logical: Whether the belief is logical
  • Empirical: Whether the belief has evidence
  • Pragmatic: Whether the belief is helpful
• What evidence should you consider when disputing a negative belief?

  Evidence that supports or contradicts the belief
• What does Pragmatic Disputing assess?

  Whether the belief is helpful
• What is the immediate effect of disputing a negative thought?

  It changes how you think and feel
• What immediate benefit can disputing negative thoughts provide?

  Emotional relief and increased hope
• How does disputation help improve mood and well-being?

  By reshaping how you think
• What does Empirical Disputing check?

  If the belief is supported by evidence
• How can the belief "I must always get perfect grades" be modified after disputation?

  "I aim to do well but it’s okay if I don’t get perfect grades."
• What is the process called when disputing negative thoughts?

  Cognitive restructuring
• What is Empirical Disputing in REBT?

  • Checks if a belief is supported by evidence
  • Example: "I never do well in exams."
  • Steps:

  1. Identify belief
  2. Challenge evidence
  3. Evaluate
  4. Modify belief
• What is Logical Disputing in REBT?

  • Examines if a belief makes logical sense
  • Example: "I must always get perfect grades."
  • Steps:

  1. Identify belief
  2. Challenge logic
  3. Evaluate
  4. Modify belief
• What does Logical Disputing examine?

  Whether the belief makes logical sense
• What is the purpose of reviewing past exam results in Empirical Disputing?

  To find evidence against the belief
• What are the steps involved in the disputation process in REBT?

  1. Identify the negative belief
  2. Challenge the belief
  3. Evaluate the belief's validity
  4. Modify the belief to be more rational
• If someone believes "I always fail at everything," what is the first step in disputation?

  Identify the negative belief
• What is a long-term effect of disputation?

  Sustained improvement in mood
• How might challenging the belief "I'm always going to be a failure" affect you?

  It can reduce anxiety and increase motivation
• How many types of disputation are there in REBT?

  Three
• What are the three types of disputation in REBT?

  • Logical Disputing
  • Empirical Disputing
  • Pragmatic Disputing
• What type of beliefs does disputation focus on modifying?

  Negative beliefs
• Compare the approaches of disputation and medication in treating depression.

  • Disputation: Alters thinking patterns
  • Long-term effects: Sustainable mood improvement, reduced relapse
  • Medication: Uses drugs to balance chemicals
  • Long-term effects: Can cause side effects, relapse common after discontinuation
• How does disputation help in reducing negative emotions?

  By questioning the truth of irrational beliefs
• How might "I must always get perfect grades" be challenged in Pragmatic Disputing?

  Because it might cause undue stress
• How can "I always fail at everything" be disputed in Empirical Disputing?

  By reviewing past successes
• What is the outcome of disputing negative thoughts?

  You can quickly feel better and more positive
• What conclusion can be drawn from evaluating the belief "I never do well in exams"?

  There are times I’ve performed well
• How can the belief "I never do well in exams" be modified after disputation?

  "I have had successful exams, and I can prepare better."
• What is Pragmatic Disputing in REBT?

  • Assesses whether a belief is helpful
  • Example: "I must study 24/7 to pass."
  • Steps:

  1. Identify belief
  2. Challenge helpfulness
  3. Evaluate
  4. Modify belief
• What is the overall benefit of using disputation techniques in REBT?

  • Helps challenge negative beliefs
  • Modifies beliefs to be more reasonable
  • Supports mental well-being
• What are the ways disputation helps with negative thoughts?

  • Challenging the validity of negative thoughts
  • Replacing them with more reasonable beliefs
  • Decreasing negative emotions
  • Improving mood and motivation
• What is the primary effect of disputation on depressive symptoms?

  It significantly reduces depressive symptoms
• What type of tool is disputation considered?

  A practical self-help tool
• How might disputation change the belief "I'll never be good at this"?

  It might change to "I can improve with practice."
• What is the purpose of challenging the logic in Logical Disputing?

  To determine if perfection is necessary for happiness
• What conclusion can be drawn from evaluating the belief "I must study 24/7 to pass"?

  Excessive studying leads to burnout
• In Pragmatic Disputing, what is the first step when addressing the belief "I must study 24/7 to pass"?

  Identify the belief
• What conclusion can be drawn from evaluating the belief "I must always get perfect grades"?

  Perfection is unrealistic and causes stress