ORGANELLES

• What are microvilli primarily composed of?

  Membrane extensions containing microfilaments
• What is the primary function of microvilli?

  Increase surface area for absorption
• What is the structure of the cytoskeleton?

  Fine protein filaments or tubes
• What does the centrosome contain?

  A pair of centrioles
• What is one function of the centrosome?

  Organizing center for cellular structures
• What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?

  Synthesize proteins from RNA and proteins
• Where are fixed ribosomes located?

  Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
• Where are free ribosomes found?

  Scattered in the cytoplasm
• What is the structure of peroxisomes?

  Vesicles containing degradative enzymes
• What is one function of peroxisomes?

  Catabolism of fats and organic compounds
• What do lysosomes contain?

  Digestive enzymes in vesicles
• What is the function of lysosomes?

  Removal of damaged organelles or pathogens
• What is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

  Stacks of flattened membranes (cisternae)
• What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Storage, alteration, and packaging of products
• What is the structure of mitochondria?

  Double membrane with metabolic enzymes
• What is the main function of mitochondria?

  Production of 95% of cellular ATP
• What does the nucleus contain?

  Fluid nucleoplasm with enzymes, proteins, DNA
• What is one function of the nucleus?

  Control of metabolism and protein synthesis
• What is the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

  Membranous sheets and channels
• What is one function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

  Synthesis of secretory products and transport
• What characterizes smooth ER?

  No attached ribosomes, synthesizes lipids
• What is the function of rough ER?

  Modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins