Lecture 1 &2 | M.K Yellow Book Flashcards

• If the pH is up my patient with show signs and symptoms of?

  Increase... like tachycardia, diarrhea and borborygmi
• If the pH is down my patient will show signs and symtoms of?

  Decrease... like decreased output, bradycardia and constipation
• If my patient is overventilating I should choose?

  Respiratory Alkalosis
• If my patient is underventilating I should choose?

  Respiratory Acidosis
• If my patient has prolonged gastric vomiting or suction I choose?

  Metabolic Alkalosis
• Kussmal Respirations

  Metabolic Acidosis ( Remember MacKussmal
• Before measuing ABGs you should check what?

  Allen's test. Should be positive. Pt makes a fist and pressure is applied to the ulnar and the radial arteries Ulnar pressure is released and color should return in 7 seconds (means it's positive and OK to take ABG's).
• Definition of Compensation

  PH is normal! It is never compensated if it is abnormal.
• If PH normal

  look in the direction it is going. Closer to Acidic? (7.35) acidosis. Then look at Bicarb & figure out which is abnormal. If Bicarb is out of range, it's metabolic acidosis.If C02 is abnormal, it's Respiratory Acidosis :)
• If you don't know what causes an acid base balance, pick

  Metabolic Acidosis
• If in doubt in ABGs, always pick

  Headache, nausea, weakness & numbness+ tingling. It can be either up or down.
• High pressure alarms are triggered when?

  They cannot push air in
• High pressure alarms are caused by what three types of obstructions?

  Kinking, Water in dependant loops and mucus in the airway.
• If kinking in the tube is present you?

  Unkink
• If water is present in the dependant loops you?

  Open system and empty water.
• If mucus is present you?

  Turn them, cough and have them deep breath first. If ineffective you then suction.
• Don't suction unless

  Coughing & deep breathing is deemed inappropriate.
• In order to suction, you must be able to hear

  Mucus in the lung
• Low pressure alarms are triggered when?

  It is to easy to push air in.
• Low pressure alarms are normally caused by?

  Disconnection
• If the tubing is disconnected you?

  Reconnect
• If O2 sensor line is disconnected you?

  Reconnect
• In a vented client respiratory alkalosis means the vent setting may be too?

  High
• In a vented client respiratory acidosis means the vent may be too?

  Low
• What do you do if the patients disconnected tube is on the floor?

  Bag them, (call for help) get new tube and then reconnect.
• First question to ask if the low pressure alarm sounds

  Where is the tubing?!
• HOLD

  H- high Pressure O- obstruction L- low D- disconnections
• What do you do if the patients disconnected tube is on the chest?

  Reconnect ... if its above the waist its ok.
• Remember is PSYCH if you are asked to Prioritize, Don't forget

  MASLOW 1. Physiological 2. Safety 3. Comfort - Includes pain 4. Psychological 5. Social 6. Spiritual
• What is the biggest problem in abuse?

  Denial
• To treat denial you need to?

  Confront them.
• Definition of Denial

  Refusal to accept reality of their problem
• How do you confront?

  Point out the difference between what they say and what they do.
• What is the one circumstance that you as a nurse would support denial?

  Loss and Grief
• What is dependency?

  When the abuser gets a significant other to make decisions for them or do thing for them.
• What is codependency?

  When the significant other gets positive self esteem from doing things or making decisions for an abuser.
• To treat dependency/codependency you ?

  Set limits and enforce them.Say NO and follow through.Agree in advance on what requests are allowed, then enforce the agreement. Work on self esteem of the codependent.
• What is manipulation?

  When the abuser gets the significant other to do things for them that is not in the best interest of the significant other. This can be dangerous and harmful to the significant other.
• How do you treat manipulation?

  Set limits and enforce.
• Why is manipulation easier to treat then dependency/codependency?

  Because no one likes being manipulated.