NEWD ethics in sport

• amateurism was the belief that participation in sport was for the love fo it, performers would receive no financial gain and that performance was based on the concept of athleticism
• amateurism was developed by the upper class during the victorian era
• code of amateurism encouraged socially acceptable behaviour and was based on playing sport to a clear set of rules and high moral values
• how is amateurism still evident in modern-day?

  • fair play/sportsmanship - shaking hands prior to and at end of football matches
  • rugby union - calling referee sir
• olympic oath.

  • written by baron de coubertin
  • first read at 1920 summer olympics in antwerp
  • promise made by one athlete, judge and coach committing to impartiality
• examples of people not adhering to the olympic oath.

  • 40 russian athletes banned from rio 2016 for taking part in state-sponsored doping
  • philip hindes accused of 'cheating' when he feel off his bike at start of a race, this is considered a 'false start' and forces everybody to restart
• sportsmanship is conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport
• what are examples of performers not having any sportmanship?

  • wilfred zaha has negative reputation for simulation to unfairly win referees decisions
  • performers question decision of referees and refuse to be respectful towards opposition
• how is sportsmanship encouraged?

  • use of positive role models to promote sportsmanship
  • NGB campaigns promoting sportsmanship
  • use of technology to allow performers to be cited for behaviour that was not noticed during the game
  • punish foul play
  • rigorous drug testing to ensure fairness
• gamesmanship is when performers bend the rules and stretch them to their absolute limit without getting caught
• give examples of gamesmanship.

  • time wasting
  • verbally 'sledging' opponents to distract them
  • delaying play at a restart
  • deliberate deception of an official
• win ethic

  • 'win at all costs'
  • coming second is not an option
  • sometimes called lombardian ethic as vince lombardi claimed winning was ''not a sometime thing, it was an all time thing''
• examples of win ethic

  • diego maradona 'hand of god' vs england in 1986 world cup
• how is win ethic still evident today?

  • no drawn games
  • managers/coaches fired if unsuccessful
  • deviance
  • media praise for winners
• positive deviance.

  • behaviour outside norms of society with no intent to harm or break rules
  • paula radcliffe at 2004 athens olympics having to pull out mid-race with an injury she already knew about
• negative deviance.

  • under-conformity to norms and expectations of society
  • pressure and motivation can cause a performer to go against the rules of the sport
• what are some examples of negative deviance?

  • illegal PED's
  • deliberately fouling opponents due to aggression
  • accepting a bribe
  • simulation