Biological molecules & food tests

• 3 different types of biological molecules ?

  Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
• what elements do carbohydrate moelcules contain ?

  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• what is a monosaccharide ?

  A simple sugar molecule that cannot be broken down into smaller sugar units.
• examples of a monosaccharide ?

  Glucose, fructose
• what is a disaccharide ?

  2 monosaccharides bonded
• what is an example of a disaccharide ?

  Maltose,Sucrose
• what is a polysaccharide ?

  many monosaccharides bonded
• examples of polysaccharides ?

  Starch, glycogen
• what elements do proteins contain ?

  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
• what are the small units proteins are made up of ?

  Amino acids
• what elements are lipids made up of ?

  carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• what are the 2 smaller units that lipids are made up of ?

  Fatty acids and glycerol
• name this molecule

  A) carbohydrates

  
• name this moelcule

  A) protein

  
• name these molecules

  A) lipids

  
• label this

  A) amino acids

  B) proteins

  
• label this

  A) maltose

  B) starch

  
• label this

  A) glycerol and fatty acids

  B) lipids

  
• what is the reagent for starch ?

  iodine solution
• colour change for starch ?

  from orange to blue-black
• reagent for glucose ?

  benedict solution
• colour change for glucose ?

  blue to orange/brick red
• is heating needed for the test for starch ?

  no
• is heating needed for the test for glucose ?

  yes, mixture should be boiled for 5 minutes in a water bath
• reagent for protein ?

  Biuret
• colour change for protein ?

  blue to lilac
• is heating needed for protein test ?

  no
• reagent for lipids ?

  ethanol
• colour change for lipids ?

  colourless to cloudy white
• is anything else needed for a lipids test ?

  distilled water