Midterm 1 (Test)

• Inorganic chemistry is the study of all elements and compounds that do not contain carbon, these include metals, halogens, and alkaline.
• Analytical chemistry determines the identity and quality of each element or compound present in a substance.
• Organic chemistry is the study of carbon and its compounds.
• Scientific method is an orderly, systematic approach to problem-solving.
• Hypothesis is a proposed solution to scientific problem.
• In any experiment, one factor that being tested is the variables.
• The basic unit of length in the metric system is the meter (m).
• The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the kilogram (kg).
• The amount of matter in an object is called it's mass.
• To measure the mass of a solid, use a triple beam balance.
• In a volume, cubic centimeter is equal to a milliliter.
• Characteristics that describe how all matter is the same are called general properties.
• The formula for finding density is mass/volume.
• The amount of space an object takes up is its volume.
• Significant figure refers to digits that are known with certainty and the first uncertain digit.
• Scientific notation is used to represent numbers by moving the decimal point and discarding the unimportant zeroes.
• Rounding off is used to remove unwanted digits in each value.
• Conversion factor is the equality that relates to two units.
• Color, odor, and density are physical properties.
• The phase of matter that is made up of very high-energy particles is called plasma.
• As the temperature of a fixed amount of gas increases, the volume decreases.
• All liquids have no definite shape but definite volume.
• A solid change to a liquid by melting.
• Vaporization takes place at the surface of a liquid called the evaporation point.
• Cooking food, burning a log, and igniting a match are all examples of a chemical change in matter.
• A homogeneous mixture can be separated by all the following methods EXCEPT: filtration
• Melting point is not an example of physical properties.
• Compound is a substance that can be broken down into two or more different substances.
• Sublimation is a change from solid to gas without changing state.
• Democritus first proposed that matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles.
• John Dalton developed the atomic theory of matter.
• Isotopes contain different numbers of neutrons.
• The elements in Group 8A, the column at the far right of the periodic table, are called noble gases.
• As you moved from left to right across a row of the periodic table, the elements have an increasing ionization energy.
• The energy from an added electron is called electron affinity.
• Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond.
• A positive charge will repel another positive charge, and a negative charge will repel another negative charge.
• Electron were discovered by Thomson, in his studies of magnetic and electrical field on cathode rays.
• Ions that formed from one atom are known as monatomic ions.
• Elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number show a periodic pattern in their properties.