Cloning Plants

• What are the two methods of cloning plants mentioned?

  Cuttings and tissue culture
• What is a key characteristic of organisms produced by asexual reproduction?

  They are genetically identical
• Why are clones advantageous in terms of characteristics?

  Clones have predictable characteristics
• What happens when seeds produced by sexual reproduction are used?

  Offspring will be genetically different
• What is the first step in cloning a plant by cuttings?

  A small piece of the plant is removed
• What is the purpose of rooting powder in plant cuttings?

  It encourages root development
• How does taking cuttings produce clones?

  It creates genetically identical clones
• What is the limitation of taking cuttings for cloning?

  It is not efficient for large numbers
• What is the process used when many clones are needed?

  Tissue culture
• What is done to the plant in tissue culture?

  The plant is divided into tiny pieces
• What do the tiny pieces of plant contain in tissue culture?

  A small number of cells
• What role do plant hormones play in tissue culture?

  They stimulate growth and development
• Why must conditions for tissue culture be sterile?

  To prevent microorganisms from contaminating
• How is tissue culture beneficial for commercial plant nurseries?

  It produces thousands of plants quickly
• What certainty do gardeners have when using clones?

  They will get desired characteristics
• What is one use of tissue culture besides cloning?

  Preserving rare species of plants
• What are the steps involved in cloning plants through cuttings?

  • Remove a small piece of the plant
  • Dip the end in rooting powder
  • Encourage root development
  • Produce a genetically identical clone
• What are the steps involved in tissue culture for cloning plants?

  1. Divide the plant into tiny pieces
  2. Each piece contains a small number of cells
  3. Incubate with plant hormones
  4. Stimulate growth into fully grown clones
  5. Maintain sterile conditions to prevent contamination
• What are the advantages of cloning plants through tissue culture compared to cuttings?

  • Produces thousands of clones quickly
  • Allows for large-scale production
  • Ensures genetic uniformity
  • Useful for preserving rare species