Topic 14: nonvascular plants Flashcards

• what is the earliest lineages to diverge from the common ancestor of land plants.

  Bryophytes
• what kind of group is bryophytes

  A paraphyletic group consisting of three phyla of small herbaceous (non-woody), nonvascular plants
• what three phyla of small herbaceous (non-woody), nonvascular plants make up bryophytes

  -liverworts-mosses-hornworts
• what phylum do liverworts belong to

  Hepatophyta
• what phylum do mosses belong to

  Bryophyta
• what phylum do hornworts belong to

  Anthcerophyta
• what are the Most diverse and widely distributed bryophytes.

  mosses
• what does bryophyta refer to


  only mosses
• what do bryophyte refer to

  all nonvascular plants
• what do bryophytes lack (2)

  -true vascular tissue-lignin
• what limits the size of bryophytes (2)

  -The absence of vascular transport systems for water and nutrient transport within the plant-lack of structural support tissue
• how thick is most tissues in bryophytes

  few cells
• bryophytes do not form what

  roots
• How do bryophytes obtain water and nutrients?

  absorb though their surfaces
• what Limits bryophytes to habitats where water is abundant

  absorb water through their surfaces.
• Rhizoids only anchor gametophytes to what

  substrate
• what kind of plant has unbranched sporophytes

  bryophyte (non vascular plants)
• what kind of plants have branched sporophytes

  vascular plants
• Sporophytes of hornworts and mosses have what for gas exchange

  stomata
• sporophytes of liverworts do not have what

  stomata
• In all three bryophyte phyla, gametophytes are larger and longer-living than what

  sporophytes
• what is the most conspicuous, dominant phase of the life cycle of a bryophyte

  free-living haploid (1n) gametophyte
• what are only present part of the time in the life cycle of a bryophyte

  Smaller diploid (2n) sporophytes
• what is dependent on the gametophyte in bryophytes

  diploid sporophytes
• bryophytes are common and diverse in what enviornments

  moist forests and wetlands
• mosses can be the dominant what

  ground cover
• what role do moss play in their enviornemnt

  -regulate water flow
• what is a characteristic of moss

  Mosses can lose most cellular water, and then rehydrate and reactivate cells when moisture becomes available.
• Sphagnum bogs form what

  extensive deposits of undecayed organic material called peat.
• Low temperatures, pH, and oxygen levels of peatlands inhibit decay of what

  moss and other organisms
• Peatlands act as what

  carbon reservoirs, stabilizing atmospheric CO2 levels