Cells

• All living things are made out of cells.
• Eukaryotic cells are complex and include animal and plant cells, they contain a nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, such as bacteria and do not contain a nucleus
• The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell and controls the activities of the cell.
• The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance and is where most chemical reactions take place. It contains enzymes to control these reactions.
• The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• Mitochondria is where the majority of aerobic respiration takes place. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.
• Ribosomes are where protein synthesis takes place in the cell.
• The cell wall is made out of cellulose and supports and strengthens the cell.
• The permanent vacuole contains cell sap which is a weak solution of sugar and salts.
• Chloroplasts is where photosynthesis occurs, creating food for the plant and is where the green pigment chlorophyll is found which absorbs light for photosynthesis.
• Bacteria cells contain a cell membrane, cell wall and cytoplasm. They do not contain chloroplasts or mitochondria. Bacteria cells don't have a true nucleus instead they have a singular circular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm. They may contain one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids.
• Unlike plant cells, animal cells don't contain a cell wall, chloroplasts, or a permanent vacuole.