Theoretical and Computer Models

• What does long-term memory do?

  Stores information for later retrieval
• How does a computer model's behavior relate to human cognition?

  If it behaves similarly, we understand cognition better
• What are the stages of the information processing model?

  1. Incoming information enters through senses
  2. Sensory memory briefly holds all incoming stimuli
  3. Working memory processes and rehearses selected information
  4. Long-term memory stores information for later retrieval
• What are the three stores in the multi-store memory model?

  • Sensory Memory
  • Short-Term Memory (STM)
  • Long-Term Memory (LTM)
• What do computer models use to mimic cognitive processes?

  Software simulations
• How does the working memory model function in psychology?

  It shows how different brain parts process information
• How can computer models help psychologists?

  They test theories about human cognition
• When do we use Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  When we're actively thinking about something
• What type of output do theoretical models provide?

  Verbal descriptions
• What does the multi-store memory model describe?

  How memory flows through three different stores
• How long can information be held in Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  For about 30 seconds
• What is the function of working memory?

  Processes and rehearses selected information
• How do theoretical models help psychologists?

  They simplify complex ideas for better understanding
• What does the information processing model illustrate?

  How we move and store information
• What is the first stage of the information processing model?

  Incoming information enters through senses
• What is the capacity of Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  About 7 items
• How is the information processing model compared to a physical process?

  It's like a mental assembly line
• What does sensory memory do?

  Briefly holds all incoming stimuli
• What limitations should be considered when using theoretical and computer models in research?

  Both have limitations that affect research validity
• What are the advantages of theoretical and computer models in psychology?

  Theoretical Models:

  • Simplify complex concepts for easy understanding
  • Adapt to new information without extensive changes
  • Cover broad cognitive domains

  
  

  Computer Models:

  • Provide precise, testable predictions
  • Modify software to simulate various processes
  • Model specific cognitive functions accurately
• What are the key differences between theoretical and computer models?

  • Theoretical Models:
  • Form: Diagrams/concepts
  • Purpose: Explain cognitive processes
  • Output: Verbal descriptions
  • Computer Models:
  • Form: Software programs
  • Purpose: Simulate cognitive behavior
  • Output: Computer data
• What does the multi-store model represent?

  The flow of memory as an abstract representation
• How long does sensory memory hold information?

  Briefly, for a very short duration
• What is the focus of the comparison in the study material?

  Theoretical and computer models in psychology
• How do theoretical models help in understanding cognitive concepts?

  They provide intuitive understanding of concepts
• What do computer models offer in psychological research?

  Detailed simulations of cognitive processes
• What is the form of computer models?

  Software programs
• How could a computer model simulate memory recall?

  By creating virtual neurons that fire
• How do theoretical models differ from computer models?

  Theoretical models are abstract, while computer models are tangible
• What are the key components of computer models in psychology?

  • Use of software simulations
  • Mimic cognitive processes
  • Test theories about human cognition
  • Analyze behavior similarities with humans
• What type of output do computer models provide?

  Computer data
• What are the key features of theoretical models?

  • Conceptual frameworks
  • Represent and explain behavior
  • Simplify complex ideas
  • Use diagrams or written explanations
• What is the function of sensory memory?

  Holds information briefly after it enters senses
• What is the function of Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Stores vast amounts of information permanently
• What is the flow of information in the multi-store memory model?

  1. Sensory Memory

  • Briefly holds sensory information

  1. Short-Term Memory (STM)

  • Temporary storage for active thinking

  1. Long-Term Memory (LTM)

  • Permanent storage of vast information
• How does information move from sensory memory to Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  Through attention
• How does information move from Short-Term Memory (STM) to Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

  Through rehearsal
• What are the disadvantages of theoretical and computer models in psychology?

  Theoretical Models:

  • May not capture real-world complexity
  • Can be difficult to validate empirically
  • Rely on subjective interpretation

  
  

  Computer Models:

  • Can be overly complex and difficult to interpret
  • May not generalize well to real-human behavior
  • Depend on underlying assumptions and programming biases
• What is the purpose of computer models?

  To simulate cognitive behavior
• What is the purpose of theoretical models?

  To explain cognitive processes