quiz yersinia etc

• Who is Yersinia named after?

  Alexandre Yersin
• In what year was Yersinia pestis discovered?

  1894
• What was the context of Yersinia pestis's discovery?

  During the Third Plague Pandemic in Hong Kong
• Who independently identified Yersinia pestis around the same time?

  Kitasato Shibasaburō
• What did van Loghem propose regarding Pasteurella pestis?

  To rename it to Yersinia pestis
• When was the genus Yersinia officially established?

  1944
• Which Yersinia species are recognized as major foodborne pathogens?

  1. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis
• What family was Yersinia classified under until 2016?

  Enterobacteriaceae family
• What family was Yersinia reclassified under in 2016?

  Yersiniaceae family
• What is the morphology of Yersinia?

  Gram-negative, short rods (coccobacilli)
• Are Yersinia species spore-forming?

  No, they are non-spore forming
• What type of anaerobe is Yersinia?

  Facultative anaerobe
• At what temperatures are most Yersinia species motile?

  22–25°C
• How does Yersinia pestis differ in motility from other species?

  It is non-motile at all temperatures
• What does bipolar staining of some Yersinia strains resemble?

  A safety pin
• What are the biochemical features of Yersinia pestis?

  Catalase positive, oxidase negative
• What does Yersinia pestis ferment?

  Glucose
• What is the urease activity of Yersinia pestis?

  Urease negative
• Which Yersinia species are urease positive?

  1. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis
• What type of colonies do Yersinia species form on MacConkey agar?

  Lactose-negative colonies

  
• What diseases are caused by Yersinia pestis?

  Plague (Bubonic, Pneumonic, Septicemic)
• What disease is caused by Yersinia enterocolitica?

  Yersiniosis
• What disease is caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis?

  Pseudotuberculosis
• What is the primary reservoir for Yersinia pestis?

  Rodents
• What are the clinical signs of Bubonic Plague?

  Enlarged lymph nodes, fever, lethargy
• What are the clinical signs of Pneumonic Plague?

  Cough, respiratory distress, hemorrhagic pneumonia
• What are the clinical signs of Septicemic Plague?

  Shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation
• How is Yersinia pestis transmitted?

  Flea bites, direct contact, inhalation
• What is the primary reservoir for Yersinia enterocolitica?

  Pigs
• What are the clinical signs of gastroenteritis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica?

  Bloody diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain
• What are the clinical signs of mesenteric lymphadenitis?

  Similar to appendicitis: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever
• Who is at risk for septicemia caused by Yersinia enterocolitica?

  Immunocompromised individuals
• How is Yersinia enterocolitica transmitted?

  Oral, foodborne, waterborne, direct contact
• What is the primary reservoir for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis?

  Wild and domestic animals
• What are the clinical signs of enteric form of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis?

  Diarrhea, weight loss, fever
• What are the clinical signs of caseous lymphadenitis?

  Abdominal pain, lethargy, anorexia, fever
• What is the systemic form of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis characterized by?

  Abscesses in lymph nodes and internal organs
• How is Yersinia pseudotuberculosis transmitted?

  Oral, foodborne, waterborne, direct contact
• What is the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) in Yersinia pestis?

  Injects Yops proteins into macrophages
• What is the function of the F1 Capsule in Yersinia pestis?

  Prevents opsonization and complement attack