Plants and photosynthesis

• Why is oxygen produced during photosynthesis important for humans?

  It is essential for us to breathe
• How do the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle work together to complete the overall process of photosynthesis?

  The light-dependent reactions provide the ATP and NADPH needed to power the Calvin cycle, which fixes CO2 and produces glucose
• Where does photosynthesis occur in plants?

  In chloroplasts
• What is the end product of the Calvin cycle?

  Glucose (GA3P)
• How does the growth of a plant from a seed relate to its need for sunlight, water, and soil?

  All are essential for healthy growth
• What are the products of photosynthesis?

  • Glucose
  • Oxygen
• What are plants classified as?

  Living organisms
• If you wanted to observe the internal structure of a chloroplast in detail, which microscope would you use?

  Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
• What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

  To produce glucose and oxygen
• What is the name of the process shown in the left side of the image?

  Light-dependent reactions
• What do the reactants of photosynthesis produce?

  Glucose and oxygen
• What are the main steps of the light-dependent reactions?

  • Light absorption by chlorophyll
  • Water splitting (photolysis)
  • Electron transport chain
  • ATP and NADPH production
• Why do plants have a green color?

  Due to chlorophyll
• What is the name of the process shown in the right side of the image?

  The Calvin cycle
• What are the main components involved in photosynthesis?

  • Reactants:
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Water
  • Light energy
  • Products:
  • Glucose
  • Oxygen
• What is the purpose of the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions?

  They provide the energy and reducing power for the Calvin cycle
• What is the name of the organelle shown in the image?

  Chloroplast
• What is the name of the space between the inner and outer membranes of the chloroplast?

  Intermembrane space
• What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy
• What are the key steps in the photosynthesis process?

  1. Light absorption by chlorophyll
  2. Light-dependent reactions: water splitting, electron excitation
  3. ATP and NADPH production
  4. Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions):

  • CO2 fixation
  • Reduction of fixed carbon
  • Regeneration of RuBP

  1. Glucose synthesis
• Why is glucose important for plants?

  It provides energy for growth
• What essential gas do plants produce during photosynthesis?

  Oxygen
• Where are chlorophyll molecules located?

  In the thylakoid membrane
• What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What is the name of the green, disc-shaped structure inside the chloroplast?

  Thylakoid
• What are the key characteristics of plants?

  • Green color from chlorophyll
  • Soil growth for nutrients
  • Seed reproduction
• How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Shows optimal point, then declines at extremes
• How do plants absorb nutrients?

  By growing in soil
• What is the main product of photosynthesis that plants use for energy?

  Glucose
• Why is chlorophyll important for plants?

  It is essential for their growth
• What is the relationship between photosynthesis and the survival of animals and humans?

  Photosynthesis produces oxygen necessary for breathing
• What occurs in the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis?

  Light-dependent reactions occur
• What is the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?

  To make their own food using sunlight
• What pattern does carbon dioxide concentration follow in photosynthesis?

  Similar pattern to light intensity
• What is the relationship between light intensity and photosynthesis rate shown in the first graph?

  As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
• Where does chlorophyll reside in the plant?

  Thylakoid membrane
• What are the limiting factors affecting photosynthesis?

  • Light intensity
  • Carbon dioxide concentration
  • Temperature
• What is the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and photosynthesis rate shown in the second graph?

  As carbon dioxide concentration increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
• Where do light-dependent reactions take place?

  In the thylakoids
• What are the main steps of the Calvin cycle?

  • CO2 fixation
  • Reduction of fixed carbon
  • Regeneration of RuBP
  • Synthesis of glucose and other carbohydrates