UK in the 21st Century

• How often does the UK government hold a census?

  Every 10 years
• What information do families provide in the census?

  Details about household members and demographics
• Why is the census important for the government?

  It helps plan funding and resource allocation
• When will the 2021 census results be fully available?

  In 2023
• What was the main source of population growth in the UK from 2001 to 2011?

  Migration from India, Pakistan, and Poland
• Which country had the most immigrants to the UK between 2001 and 2011?

  Poland
• How does immigration relate to birth rates in the UK?

  Many immigrants are of childbearing age
• What demographic change is occurring in the UK population?

  Increase in the elderly population
• How does the government use census information?

  To allocate funding for various demographics
• What is the demographic transition model?

  • A graph showing population change over time
  • Key terms: birth rate and death rate
  • Stages indicate changes in population dynamics
• What is the birth rate?

  Number of babies born per 1000 people
• What is the death rate?

  Number of deaths per 1000 people
• Why did the death rate decrease over time?

  Due to advances in medical knowledge and hygiene
• How did the birth rate change during the industrial revolution?

  It fell as family size decreased
• What stage of the demographic transition model is the UK currently in?

  Stage 4 with low birth and death rates
• What does a population pyramid show?

  The distribution of age and gender in a population
• What characterizes the UK’s population structure?

  Middle-aged to elderly population predominance
• What is the trend in the UK’s population pyramid from 2001 to 2011?

  Increase in people in their 40s and 50s
• What is the average life expectancy for men and women in the UK?

  79 for men and 83 for women
• Why do women generally live longer than men?

  Men often have more manual jobs and unhealthy habits
• Where do most elderly people in the UK live?

  In the countryside rather than cities
• What are some causes of an aging population?

  Better healthcare and lifestyle awareness
• What are the effects of an aging population?

  Benefits:

  • Elderly volunteer and support the economy
  • Experienced employees contribute to the workforce

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • Increased financial burden on healthcare
  • Fewer taxpayers supporting the economy
• What measures is the government taking to address the aging population?

  Encouraging longer work life and higher birth rates
• What is the current population of London?

  8.6 million
• What demographic difference exists between London and the UK?

  London has more people aged 20 to 40
• What percentage of London’s population was born abroad in 2011?

  38%
• How did London’s ethnic diversity change from 2001 to 2011?

  Majority of residents shifted from white British