Central Nerves the ''

• What nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?

  Olfactory nerve
• How do olfactory nerve fibers reach the olfactory bulb?

  They pass through the cribriform plate
• What area of the brain is involved in the perception of smell?

  Temporal lobe
• What are the effects of lesions on the olfactory nerve?

  They cause parosmia or anosmia
• What is a function test for the olfactory nerve?

  Smelling common objects
• What is the cranial nerve number for the olfactory nerve?

  CNI
• What nerve is responsible for the sense of sight?

  Optic nerve
• Where do sensory nerve cells for sight arise from?

  From the retina
• What happens at the optic chiasm?

  Fibers from the medial retina cross sides
• Where do the optic nerves terminate?

  In the thalamus
• What is a function test for the optic nerve?

  Charts for acuity and visual field
• What are the consequences of lesions in the visual pathway?

  They result in blindness and pupillary abnormalities
• What cranial nerve number is associated with the optic nerve?

  CNII
• Which muscles are responsible for the elevation and adduction of the eyeball?

  Superior and inferior rectus muscles
• What regulates pupil size?

  Ciliary muscles and circular muscles
• Which muscle is responsible for the depression of the eyeball?

  Superior oblique muscles
• What cranial nerve is responsible for movement of the eyeball?

  CNIII Oculomotor
• What is the largest cranial nerve?

  Trigeminal nerve
• What functions does the trigeminal nerve involve?

  Sensation in the face and mastication
• What are the three main branches of the trigeminal nerve?

  Ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular
• What cranial nerve number is associated with the trigeminal nerve?

  CNV
• What muscle is responsible for the abduction of the eyeball?

  Lateral rectus muscle
• What cranial nerve is responsible for facial expression and taste?

  CNVII Facial
• What cranial nerve passes through the internal auditory canal?

  CNVIII Vestibulocochlear
• What are the two sets of fibers in the vestibulocochlear nerve?

  Vestibular and cochlear branches
• What is a function test for the vestibulocochlear nerve?

  Tuning fork for hearing
• What is the function of the vestibular branch?

  It aids balance and posture
• What is the function of the cochlear branch?

  It interprets sound impulses
• What cranial nerve is responsible for taste and salivation?

  CNIX Glossopharyngeal
• What is the function of the vagus nerve?

  Regulates breathing and visceral sensations
• What cranial nerve number is associated with the vagus nerve?

  CNX
• What cranial nerve is responsible for tongue movement?

  CNXII Hypoglossal
• What muscles are involved in head and shoulder movement?

  Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
• What cranial nerve is responsible for movement of the pharynx and larynx?

  CNXI Accessory
• What cranial nerve is responsible for swallowing?

  CNX Vagus
• What cranial nerve is responsible for movement of the tongue?

  CNXII Hypoglossal
• What are the functions of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves?

  • Taste and sensations from throat
  • Blood pressure and oxygen monitoring
  • Regulates breathing
  • Motor functions: swallowing, coughing, voice production
  • Parasympathetic functions: smooth muscles of GI tract, slowing heart rate, digestive secretions
• What are the main functions of cranial nerves?

  • Sensory functions: smell, sight, taste, hearing
  • Motor functions: eye movement, facial expression, swallowing
  • Mixed functions: sensation and motor control