C5

• The gain of oxygen or the loss of electrons


  What is oxidation?
• The loss of oxygen or the gain of electrons

  What is reduction?
• Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron, tin, lead, hydrogen, copper, silver, gold, platinum


  What is the order of the reactivity series?
• How easily a metal loses electrons


  What is meant by "reactivity"?
• A metal salt and hydrogen


  What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?
• A metal hydroxide solution and hydrogen


  What is produced when the alkali metals react with water?
• For comparison


  Why does the reactivity series of metals often contain carbon and hydrogen?
• A more reactive metal will displace the less reactive metal from its salt


  What happens in a displacement reaction?
• By reduction with carbon (heat then with carbon)


  How can metals that are less reactive that carbon be extracted from their oxides?
• Hydroxide (OH-)


  What ions is found in all alkalis?
• Hydrogen, H+


  What ion is found in all acids?
• The acidity or alkalinity is a substance


  What is the pH scale a measure of?
• 7


  What is a neutral pH?
• Between 0 and 6 (Closer to 0, the stronger the acid)


  What is the range of acidic pH?
• Between 8 and 14 (Closer to 14, the stronger the alkali)


  What is the range of alkaline pH?
• Using a pH probe or universal indicator

  How can we measure the pH?
• Dyes that change colour depending on if they're in an acidic or alkaline solution

  What is an indicator?
• Red


  What colour does litmus paper go in an acid?
• Blue


  What colour does litmus paper go in an alkali?
• Acid + metal hydroxide = salt + water


  What is the neutralisation equation for a acid and metal hydroxide?
• H+ + OH- = H2O


  What is the neutralisation equation for an acid and alkali reacting?
• Acid + metal oxide = salt + water


  What is the neutralisation equation for an acid and a metal oxide?
• Acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide


  What is the neutralisation equation for an acid and a metal carbonate?
• Metal name, name from acid

  How do we name the salts in a neutralisation equation?
• Chloride salts


  What type of salt does hydrochloric acid produce?
• Nitrate salts


  What type of salts does nitric acid produce?
• Which of the following metals will react vigorously with oxygen at room temperature?GoldCopperCalciumPotassium

  potassium
• What is the balanced equation for the reaction of sodium with oxygen?

  4Na + O₂ → 2Na₂O
• What are the products of the reaction of calcium with water?

  Calcium hydroxide and hydrogen
• What are the products of the reaction of zinc with sulfuric acid?

  Zinc sulfate and hydrogen
• What would you expect to see when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  Bubbles/fizzing
• give 3 facts about the reactivity series

  Metals in the middle of the table react with oxygen and acids, but not with waterMetals at the top of the table react with oxygen, water and acidsmetals at the top are the most reactive
• What would you expect to see when zinc is added to copper sulfate solution?

  When zinc is added to copper sulfate solution it displaces copper to form zinc sulfate. The blue copper sulfate solution will become colourless as zinc sulfate is formed, and copper will be produced as a brown solid.
• What are the products of the reaction of silver oxide with hydrogen?

  Hydrogen is above silver in the reactivity series so will displace silver in this reaction to form water plus silver.
• what metal can be extracted from its native state from the eath ?

  GOLD
• Which of the following metals can be extracted from its ore by reduction with carbon?MagnesiumPotassiumCopperAluminium


  copper
• Which method could be used to extract calcium from the earth?


  electrolysis
• Which substance is reduced in the reaction: Zinc oxide + carbon → zinc + carbon dioxide?

  Zinc oxide is reduced as it loses oxygen to form pure zinc.
• What are the products of the reaction of sodium and hydrochloric acid?

  Metals react with acids to form a salt plus hydrogen. sodium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride and hydrogen: 2Na +2HCl → 2NaCl + H2.
• what reaction will produce a salt + water + carbon dioxide?

  Acid + metal carbonate