Metals and acids

• Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen
• Salt + water → acid + metal oxide/hydroxide
• Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Base + acid → salt + water
• Salt + dilute acid → salt + water
• Bases neutralize acids by donating OH- ions which combine with H+ ions from the acid.
• Acid + metal sulfide → salt + hydrogen sulfide
• Salt + heat → base + acid
• Salt + concentrated acid → salt + water
• Metal oxides react with acids to form salts, water and release energy.
• The reaction between an alkali (base) and an acid is always exothermic.
• Carbonates are soluble in acids but insoluble in water.
• A pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
• Alkaline solutions are used as antacids because they neutralise excess stomach acid.
• Bicarbonate is slightly soluble in water.
• Hydroxides are soluble in water.
• Metal oxide + hydrochloric acid → salt + water
• Metal oxide + sulfuric acid → salt + water