‘Fin de Siècle notions of decadence and degeneration’ Punter
‘There is a progressive internalisation of horror, the idea that the monsters are not out there, but to be found within’ Smith
‘the Gothic was born out of the Enlightenment’ – Punter
‘The Victorians were obsessed with death’ Hogle
‘The Gothic is an attempt to come to terms with the anxieties of modernity’ -Punter
Victorian Gothic novels are ‘often intricately bound up with a profound sense of human corruption’ Stewart
The industrial revolution meant ‘nature was no longer separate from human activity but irrevocably meshed together with it’ Stewart
‘The first decades of the 20th century, preoccupied by the speed of technological and economic development, seem to have little time for monsters’ Botting
‘The Gothic novel can be seen as a form of protest against patriarchal society’ Botting