Network 1 (vocab)

• Bandwidth = Transmission capacity, measured by bit rate
• Bit Rate = The speed at which a system is able to transmit bits.
• Client = A computer that requests data stored on a server.
• Cloud services / Cloud Computing = is a type of Internet-based computing that provides SHARED computer processing resources and data to computers and other devices ON DEMAND
• Copper Wire = Method of transmitting data that utilizes electricity over metal wires
• Domain Name System (DNS) = Is a hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network.  It is used for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses.
• Domain names = An identification string that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control within the Internet.
• Fault tolerant network = The ability to route around broken servers on the internet.
• Fiberoptics = Method of transmitting data that utilizes light
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) = The protocol used by the World Wide Web. 

  It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
• Internet = A group of computers and servers that are connected to each other worldwide.  
• Internet Censorship = The control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet. It may be carried out by governments or by private organizations at the behest of government, regulators, or on their own initiative.
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) = Develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).
• Internet Protocol (IP) = The communication protocol that dictates of the specific format and structure of a packet in order for it to be routed properly on the internet
• IP Address = A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.
• Latency = The amount of time it takes a bit to travel from a sender to a receiver.  It takes approximately 2 secs for a radio signal to travel from the Earth to the Moon.  That means conversations have a 2 second “lag” (or latency).
• Net Neutrality = The principle that Internet service providers should enable access to all content and applications regardless of the source, and without favoring or blocking particular products or websites.
• Packets = Small chunks of information sent over the Internet.  
• Protocol = A well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between machines
• Request for Comments (RFC) = Documents that define and publish the standards and protocols for all to see on the Internet Engineering Task Force website
• Router = A computer which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information included with the message.
• Routing Table = A data table stored in a router that lists the routes to particular network destinations
• Server = A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data from other remote machines
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) = Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. 
• URL = An address that identifies a particular file on the Internet, usually consisting of the protocol, as http, followed by the domain name. 
• Vint Cerf = Internet pioneer who believed the Internet should be free and available to everyone. He is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with TCP/IP co-inventor Bob Kahn.
• WiFi = A wireless networking technology that utilizes radio waves to transmit information/data