Monosaccharides, disaccharides and Disaccharides

• Carbohydrates are an important family of molecules, particularly biological molecules, found in all organisms and are described as organic molecules due to their carbon and hydrogen content.
• Carbohydrates have various important roles in the cell, including as a source of energy and a store of energy.
• Sugars are one of the foods that we eat to gather most of our energy and carbohydrates can be termed as sugars as well.
• Carbohydrates can be found in foods such as pasta, rice, and bread.
• Carbohydrates have a structural role in particular cells, particularly in plant cells, where they add strength and rigidity to the cell.
• A carbohydrate molecule, regardless of type, contains only three elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• The simplest carbohydrates are called monosaccharides, which are the monomers or building blocks for more complex carbohydrates.
• A monosaccharide with three carbons is known as a triose, a tetros with four carbons, a pentose with five carbons, and a hexose with six carbons.
• The molecular formula for each type of sugar or monosaccharide can be worked out by using the general formula.
• The general formula for a monosaccharide is C H2O n, where n is the number of carbons, oxygens, and hydrogens in the sugar.
• Glyceraldehyde, threos, ribose, and glucose are examples of monosaccharides with specific names.
• Glucose is a hexose sugar with six carbons.
• Fructose and galactose are commonly found hexose monosaccharides.
• The molecular formula for a monosaccharide with three carbons is C3H6O3, for four carbons it's C4H8O4, for five carbons it's C5H10O5, and for six carbons it's C6H12O6.
• Monosaccharides are soluble and sweet tasting, and are also known commonly as sugars.
• Monosaccharides are single sugar monomers and cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrates.
• The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6.
• Glucose is not very reactive compared to some other monosaccharides, meaning the breakdown in respiration must be catalyzed and controlled by enzymes.
• Glucose molecules are combined with the oxygen that we breathe in from the air and it reacts to give two side products and one useful product, namely CO2 and water.
• Glucose exists in isomers, meaning it has different structural forms known as isomers.
• Monosaccharides have their own general formula: CnH2nOn, where n represents the number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the molecule.
• Amylose is a molecule known as a polysaccharide.
• In a polysaccharide, the monosaccharides are glucose.
• Glucose is the main source of energy in respiration for any cells.
• Glucose is also used to produce an important molecule known as ATP.
• Glucose is a very small monosaccharide, making it easily transported in and out of cells and it's done so through carrier proteins.
• Glucose is important to carry out respiration and the process of making ATP is what we call respiration.
• Glucose is a very soluble molecule, making it easily transported around an organism.
• Glucose is the building block for larger carbohydrates.
• Alpha glucose and beta glucose are different molecules, with alpha the oh group on the bottom and beta the oh group on the top.
• The number of isomers that a molecule has is the number of different arrangements it can exist in.
• In molecules with physical blocks, the green and yellow atoms cannot swap around due to the double bond.
• Isochemically, the same molecules can have different arrangements of atoms due to different bonding patterns.
• Glucose has two isomers, alpha glucose and beta glucose, differing by one single position of a hydroxyl group.
• Glucose itself has two isomers, alpha glucose and beta glucose, differing by one single position of a hydroxyl group.
• Alpha glucose and beta glucose are different molecules, with