Structure of amino acids

• Proteins are important molecules found in all organisms and are described as organic molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and other elements.
• Proteins have many important functions, including a structural role where they can be found building up structures such as muscles, tendons, and bone.
• Proteins also have metabolic roles, with reference to two enzymes.
• Enzymes are a type of protein and catalyze reactions where certain substrates need to undergo a particular process or reaction.
• Proteins are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and other elements such as nitrogen and sulfur.
• Amino acids are the building blocks used to make any of the proteins we use in the body and are the monomers.
• A polymer of amino acids is always known as a protein.
• Amino acids can vary in charge, with some being positively charged and others being negatively charged.
• Amino acids can vary in polarity, with one having no charge distribution across it and the other having a polar r group due to the sulfur and hydrogen atoms.
• Amino acids can be described as being basic, acting as a base because they've accepted a hydrogen ion from another acid, or as being acidic, having lost a hydrogen ion and thus having a negative charge.
• Amino acids can vary by their size, with one having a large chain of atoms with an amino group at the end and the other having a hydrogen atom.
• Amino acids are the monomer units to make proteins and each of them have a different r group, which can vary in their different properties such as size, polarity, and charge.
• All amino acids have the same basic structure but with different r groups, which can vary in their different properties.
• All amino acids have the same basic structure, including a central carbon atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and an r group.