CHEM II

• >0.5

  Polar
• Nonpolar

  < 0.5
• Ionic Bond


  > 1.7
• Electrons are unequally shared

  Polar
• Electrons are equally shared

  Nonpolar
• Attraction of an atom to the molecules

  Intramolecular
• Force within the molecule (chemical bond)

  Intramolecular
• Ionic compound

  Intramolecular
• Connection of molecules

  Intermolecular
• Force between molecules or ions (attractive force)

  Intermolecular
• Dipole-Dipole

  Polar-polar
• Dipole-dipole

  • Molecules with larger dipole moments have higher melting and boiling points
• Hydrogen Bonding

  H & F, O, N
• Hydrogen Bonding

  • Strongest IMFA
• Hydrogen Bonnding

  • Special bonding of dipole-dipole
• London Dispersion

  Nonpolar & nonpolar
• London dispersion

  Present between all molecules
• London dispersion

  Weak IMFA
• Halogens: F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

  London dispersion
• Noble Gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr

  london dispersion
• Gases: O2, N2, CO2, PH3

  london dispersion
• Hydrocarbons: CH4, C6H6, CCl4, C2H6

  london dispersion
• Dipole-Induced Interaction

  polar & nonpolar
• Ion-Dipole Interaction

  ion and polar
• Ionic Compound (Cations and Anions)

  ion dipole interaction
• Ion-Induced Dipole Forces

  Ion and nonpolar
• Linear Shape

  • 2 domains
  • 0 lone pair
  • Halogens (H2, O2, Cl2, N2, F2)
• Bent shape

  1. Bent Shape

  • 2 domains
  • 1 lone pair
• Trigonal planar

  • 3 domains
  • 0 lone pair
• Trigonal Pyramidal

  • 3 domains
  • 1 lone pair
  • 3D
• Tetrahedral

  • 4 domains
  • 0 lone pair
  • 3D
• see-saw

  • 4 domains
  • 1 lone pair
  • 3D