Characteristics

• What is the main guide for mental health providers in the US?

  DSM-5
• What are the criteria for specific phobias?

  • Marked/persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable
  • Cued by a specific object or situation
  • Exposure provokes an immediate anxiety response
  • Person realizes fear is excessive or unreasonable
  • Avoidance or endurance with intense distress
  • Avoidance interferes with functioning
• What type of phobia involves fear of animals, events, bodily (blood), and situations?

  Specific phobias
• What type of phobia involves fear of social situations and public speaking?

  Social phobias
• What type of phobia involves fear of public crowded places?

  Agoraphobia
• What are the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive aspects of phobias?

  Behavioral:

  • Avoidance of phobic stimuli
  • Panic reactions (e.g., screaming, crying)
  • Endurance in presence of stimuli

  
  

  Emotional:

  • Intense anxiety and fear
  • High state of arousal

  
  

  Cognitive:

  • Selective attention to phobic stimuli
  • Irrational beliefs increasing anxiety
  • Cognitive distortion of stimuli perception
• How does avoidance behavior affect a person's daily routine in phobias?

  It interrupts their daily routine
• What emotional reaction is commonly associated with phobias?

  Intense fear
• What cognitive distortion occurs in phobic individuals?

  Perception of stimuli is distorted
• What acronym can help remember the aspects of phobias?

  APE Are SIC
• What are the three types of phobias?

  1. Specific phobias
  2. Social phobias
  3. Agoraphobia