Medieval 1000-1500

• What is the hue and cry and example of?

  Local community policing
• What were tithings?

  10 men responsible for each other’s behaviour
• Who introduced the Murdrum fine? Why?

  The Norman’s to prevent Saxon’s attacking them
• How many Normans were there?

  seven thousand
• How many Saxons were there?

  Two million
• Who introduced the forest laws?

  William the Conqueror
• What was believed about the trials of ordeal?

  That God would decide their guilt
• Name three examples of trial by ordeal

  Hot iron, boiling water, bread
• What did the Normans add to Trial by ordeal?

  Trial by combat
• What year were Trial by combat and Trial by Ordeal banned?

  1215
• What did the Norman’s replace fines going to the King with?

  Wergild
• Who introduced Church courts?

  The Normans
• How many days did you have to go into exile under sanctuary?

  40
• What were Pillory and Stocks examples of?

  Corporal punishment
• What were the names of volunteers introduced in 1285? (they would serve towns for free)

  Parish Constables
• Who dealt with serious crimes?

  Royal courts
• Who would deal with minor crimes?

  Local manor courts
• What would local juries do about the character of the witnesses and accused?

  Swear oaths
• In what year were Coroners introduced?

  1190
• What was reported to Coroners?

  All unnatural deaths
• Who were sheriffs?

  Royal officials who rounded up a posse to hunt down serious criminals (if the Hue and Cry failed).
• What was Benefit of the Clergy?

  when someone could avoid royal court and go to a more lenient church court. This was if you could read a passage from the bible.
• What were Gaols used for?

  To hold the most serious criminals before trial.