Crime and punishment-The Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Later Middle Age and Medieval Church

Cards (99)

  • Where did the vast majority of the the population live in anglo-Saxon times?
    In the countryside 90%
  • Who was king from 978 to 1016
    Aethelred
  • What was the term for the king's duty to ensure law and order

    king's peace
  • What did the king provide to nobles in exchange for their support?
    Land
  • What was the crime of betraying the king or helping his enemies?
    Treason
  • What type of crime grew more common in growing towns?
    Crimes against the person and crimes against property
  • What was the time for a whole community being responsible for upholding the law?
    Collective responsibility
  • Who is the official who carried out decisions made by local courts
    Reeve
  • What powerful entity separate from the King also held a great influence over ideas about crime
    The church
  • What were crimes that cause no physical harm violated ideas about acceptable behaviour?
    Moral crimes
  • What areas were shires divided into?
    Hundreds
  • What did the term shire reeve later evolve into?
    Sheriff
  • What was the name of the shouting when somebody witnessed a crime meant to call or who had it to capture the suspects?
    Hue and cry
  • how might somebody prove their innocence
    Swear an oath
  • What was the name for inflicting pain on the accused in order to let God judge their guilt or innocence?
    Trial by ordeal
  • What punishment was advised by the church for petty theft?
    Maiming
  • What crimes are punishable by execution?
    Treason and arson
  • What was the name of a fine paid to the murdered victims family?
    Wergild
  • What was the term for a punishment that is meant to discourage other people from committing a crime
    Deterrent
  • What devices are used to secure people in a public place where they could be humiliated?

    The Stocks or the pillory
  • Who conquered England in 1066
    William the Conqueror
  • Why did punishments became harsher under the Normans?
    To boost the Kings power and authority
  • What did this new king built all of England?
    Castles
  • What new system of social organisation divided society into ranks with everybody only loyalty and services to those above them?
    Feudal system
  • What was the lowest rank in this system meaning people who were legally bound to work for their lord and could not leave their land?
    Serfs
  • What was the new fine to be paid by a whole community of a murder of a normal person was not caught
    Murdrum
  • What did Norman Kingstown, large areas of common land into?
    Royal forests
  • What's new crime had to be created meaning that hunting animals on the Kingsland was that illegal?
    Poaching
  • What was the time for new crimes that are technically illegal but widely considered acceptable
    Social crimes
  • What were men or women who avoided trial of punishment and ran away called
    Outlaws and waived women
  • To whom were find paid under the Normans, instead of being paid to victims and their families
    Kings officials
  • What new form of trial by ordeal was introduced by the Normans

    Trial by combat
  • What new law making body was developed during the late Middle Ages?

    Parliament
  • What is greater disaster hit England and 1348, killing so many people that peasants were able to demand higher wages in the following years?
    Black death
  • What's new law set a maximum wage and forbade peasants from moving to find work?
    Statute of Labourers
  • What's new crime was created to criminalise church reformers?
    Heresy
  • What's new punishment was invented for these criminals?

    Burning at the stake
  • Into what areas were town subdivided into in the late Middle Ages
    Wards
  • From the 14th century onwards, what title was given to local wealthy men appointed by the King to enforce the law
    Justices of peace
  • What is horrific new punishment was introduced for the crime of high treason
    Hanging drawing and quartering