GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE

• Geologic time is divided into eons, eras, periods, epochs, ages, and stages.
• Geological time scale is where the earhts changes have occured in a million of years
• geological time scale is affected by catastrophies(massige volcanic eruption and meteors hitting)

  -it plays a HUGE role in shaping the earths surface
• Eons is the largest block of time
• Eons is equivalent to a billion years. and it is also a greek word of age
• Eons are divided into smaller blocks (Era)
• Eras are divided into smaller blocks (Periods)
• Epoch is the smallest block of time
• Importance of geological tie scale

  -Geological process

  -Life forms and biodiversity
• Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species
• the theory of evolution is based on the concept that all species are related
• Jean baptiste-lamarck he has a critical view on how chracters from parents to offspring
• Theories of Lamarck

  -theory of use and disuse

  -Inheritance of acquired characteristics
• Charles darwin has stated that evolution happens through natural selection
• Parts on natural selction

  -Over production

  -Genetic variation

  -survival of the fittest

  -differential reproduction
• Evidences: Paleontology, geographical distribution, comparative embryology, comparative anatomy, biochemistry, DNA homology
• paleontology is the study of fossil remains
• Fossils is the remains of organisms from the oast and undergo preservation
• Geographical distribution is that the earth was a single large mass
• Comparative anatomy is the study of biological structures in different organisms
• Homologous structure is structures of different species that have similar internal framework
• Analogous structures is structure of unrelated species that have the same function
• Vestigial strctures is a body part of organisms that diminished in size as they are no longer needed
• Biochemistry is comparing the biochem of different organisms

  -may also reveal the common ancestors of organisms
• comparative embryology is the most embryos of vertebrates are alike