Media B

• The working class is sometimes put in an ideal perspective.
• In some media, the working class is represented as hard-working heroes who survive despite their struggles and are also seen as respectable.
• The underclass is often portrayed as white scum, demons of the working class, or chavs.
• Globalization has led to the global media market, which is owned by super companies.
• In the past, positive changes especially in American drama, disabled people were being considered as 'normal'.
• The influence of these 20 multinational corporations can be felt in almost every country in the world.
• Media can never be neutral because it is owned by super companies.
• Ignoring disability is not an answer.
• David Held and his colleagues point out 5 major shifts that have contributed to bringing about the global media order: Increasing concentration of ownership, a shift from public to private ownership, transnational corporate structures, diversification over a variety of media products, and a growing number of corporate media mergers.
• Media Imperialism is when there is a concentration of media from nations like America and over, larger these influence smaller nations, sometimes these can be seen as affecting them negatively because they would not share the same values that the media is representing.
• The middle class is over-represented in media and is generally shown in a positive light.
• Older men are often shown as sexual partners of younger females, while the opposite is rarely depicted – older women with younger men.
• Men are usually portrayed as economically and socially successful and have a high social status with highly paid professions.
• Men often appear to avoid being soft and show aggression to demonstrate his power and strength to win the approval of other men and gain their admiration.
• People in the middle class are represented as mature, educated, successful and coping well with their problems.
• Men are often portrayed as heroes, saving females in films and even in old fairy tale stories.
• Ms. Debattista is a media & communications sociology professor who studies the portrayal of men and women in media.
• Men are often portrayed as the cause or the female’s problem or else their survivor in many horror and crime films and TV dramas.
• Men’s voices are more likely to be used in advertisements, reinforcing the idea of men as authority figures in society.
• Some male characters are seen as hopeless when it comes to parenting or domestic work.
• Men are commonly shown in the public sphere – outside home (at work) and are portrayed in a wider range of higher status occupations like being the boss or manager, not a PA or secretary like females.
• The families of people in the middle class are portrayed as well functioning.
• In a study of female roles in TV dramas and films, Inness (1999) showed that women are being presented more as powerful ‘tough girls’, such as detectives, confronting danger and taking on men.
• Men should not be doing such things.
• Men are also seen as sex objects, especially in advertisements.
• The media is presenting a wider range of gender identities that go beyond the traditional gender stereotypes.
• Men’s lifestyle magazines are offering some new ways of thinking about what it is to be a man.
• The media is emphasizing the independence and sexual freedom for women and a growing diversity of imagery of female success.
• Gauntlett (2008) suggests that media portrayals of men are also changing, with a wider range of representations of masculinity.
• The Inviscus perfume advertisement is putting pressure on men to take more care of their appearance, body size and shape, diet, health, cosmetic surgeries, and dress sense.
• Females are being portrayed differently, with characters that are independent, strong, and have successful careers.
• More eating disorders are being found among men.
• New male identities that have made an appearance in the media in recent years include emo boys, metrosexuals, and ‘new men’.
• Some females are also portrayed as heroes in films and even having powerful jobs, such as ambitious lawyers.
• The representations of class in media continue to justify the idea of class structure in society.
• The upper class is generally presented as being 'well bred', cultured and superior, with posh accents, taste for shooting and hunting.
• The lifestyle of the upper class is portrayed as luxurious, with luxury houses, cars, going on exotic holidays and buying expensive fashion accessories.
• Males and females are represented in their traditional stereotype role.
• A country that is too restrictive might find itself left behind because the media is one of the fastest growing sectors of the modern economy.
• Some look at how the government should block these dominant large companies.