Organic Chem

• Homologous series - series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
• Functional group - part of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
• Isomers - molecules with the same molecular structure but different structural formula
• Positional isomer - isomers that have a functional group in different position
• Functional isomerism - isomers have different functional group
• Z isomerism - same side of the double bond
• E isomerism - opposite sides of the double bond
• Electrophiles - electron pair receptors
• Why do longer chained alkanes have a higher boiling point?

  More surface contact

  have more electrons

  therefore there are stronger london forces

  and more energy is needed to overcome the forces
• Why are alkenes unreactive?

  They are non-polar

  and they have higher bond enthalpies
• What is the test for alkenes?

  Add bromine water

  positive result is colourless
• What is the result for an alkene and bromine water?

  Colourless
• What are the conditions for the hydrogenation of alkenes?

  Steam

  Ni catalyst

  150 degrees
• Hydrogenation of alkenes:

  reagents - alkene and H2

  conditions - steam, Ni catalyst and 150 degrees

  products - alkane