2) Control of Blood Glucose Concentration

• . Blood glucose concentration is monitored and controlled by the

  pancreas.
• . If the blood glucose concentration is too high:

  the pancreas releases more of the hormone insulin

  insulin causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells

  • in liver and muscle cells, excess glucose is converted to glycogen for

  Storage.
• If the blood glucose concentration is too low:

  the pancreas releases glucagon

  • glucagon stimulates glycogen to be converted into glucose and

  released into the blood.

  This is an example of negative feedback
• . Type 1 diabetes is a disorder that:

  is caused by the pancreas failing to produce sufficient insulin

  results in uncontrolled high blood glucose levels

  • is normally treated with insulin injections.
• . Type 2 diabetes is a disorder that:

  is caused by the body cells no longer responding to insulin

  has obesity as a risk factor

  • is treated with a carbohydrate-controlled diet and regular exercise.