transport in cells, diffusion, osmosis and active transport

• What is diffusion?

  Movement of particles from high to low concentration
• What type of process is diffusion?

  It is a passive process
• What factor increases the rate of diffusion?

  A bigger concentration gradient
• How does temperature affect diffusion?

  Higher temperature increases kinetic energy
• What is the effect of distance on diffusion?

  Shorter distance makes diffusion easier
• How does surface area affect the rate of diffusion?

  Increasing surface area increases the rate
• What is osmosis?

  Movement of water molecules into and out of cells
• From where to where do water molecules move during osmosis?

  From a diluted solution to a concentrated solution
• What type of membrane does osmosis occur across?

  Partially permeable membrane
• What is active transport?

  Movement of particles from low to high concentration
• What type of process is active transport?

  It is an active process
• What does active transport require to occur?

  It requires energy
• What is the direction of movement in active transport?

  From low concentration to high concentration
• Turgid cell: swollen, applies pressure, reversible

  Plasmolysed cell: not swollen, doesn’t apply pressure, irreversible

  These cells occur due to osmosis.