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Biology
Topic 5: Cell recognition and the immune system
Phagocytosis
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Jayden Clauer
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Phagocytes
are a type of
white
blood cell but can be of two types:
macrophages
or
neutrophils
Damaged tissue releases a chemical called
histamine
, which causes blood vessels to
dilate
and helps speed up arrival of
phagocytes
to the site
Chemical products called
cytokines
of the pathogens act as
attractants
causing the
phagocyte
to move towards the pathogen
Lysosomes fuse with the
phagosome
releasing
hydrolytic
enzymes that digest the contents of the
phagosome
The process of
engulfing
and
destroying
foreign material is known as
phagocytosis
Phagocytes
attach themselves to the
surface
of the pathogen and
engulf
it.
Phagocyte
engulfs
pathogen to form a vesicle called a
phagosome.
Plasma membrane
of phagosome is derived from
cell surface membrane
of phagocyte
Lysosome
contain
hydrolytic
enzymes which
hydrolyse
molecules that make up the pathogen
Soluble
products absorbed into
cytoplasm
of
phagocyte.
Antigens of pathogen "
presented
" on cell membrane of
phagocyte
Inflammation
occurs at site of infection due to
histamine