WWI

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the next in line to be ruler of Austria-Hungarian Empire and was assassinated in 1914 in Bosnia.
• Field Marshall Moltke was the chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years and is regarded as the creator of a new, more modern method of directing armies in the field.
• Gavrillo Princip was a Serbian Nationalist and a member of the Black Hand who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
• King George V was the King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India from 1910 to 1936.
• Tsar Nicholas II was the leader of Russia from 1894 to 1917.
• Kaiser Wilhelm II was the Emperor of Germany from 1888 to 1918.
• Alfred von Schlieffen was the creator of the plan for German invasion of France through Belgium.
• Word War One was a global conflict involving the main European Powers and their empires from August 1914 to November 1918.
• Long term cause refers to factors or causes which happen a long time before an event takes place.
• Most military leaders accepted at that point that the war had ended.
• The Second Battle of the Somme, which took place from 21 August to 3 September 1918, saw Australian, British and French troops capture towns and cities along the Somme that were originally dominated by the Germans.
• The Zimmerman Telegram, sent in March 1917, was a German telegraph promising weapons to Mexico if they went to war with the US.
• During the Second Battle of the Somme, the Allied Armies consisted of Russia, the USA, and Germany.
• The Allies used various techniques to slow down the Germans as they left.
• Short term cause refers to factors or causes which happen just before an event takes place, usually a catalyst.
• Militarism is an emphasis on military ideals and strength, wanting your country to have a strong army and navy.
• Alliances are a group of countries who promise to support and protect each other, rival groups have rival alliances.
• Imperialism is the desire to conquer colonies, especially in Africa, this brought the powers in conflict: Germany wanted an empire, France and Britain already had empires.
• Nationalism is the belief that your country is better than others, this made nations assertive and aggressive.
• Triple Entente was an alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia.
• Triple Alliance was an alliance between Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary.
• Western Front was the zone of fighting where Germany engaged armies to its west in WWI.
• Trench Warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of trenches, in which troops are significantly protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.
• Prussia was a major military and economic power in Central Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, including half of modern Poland and all but southern Germany.
• The Causes of the First World War included the Alliance System, Anglo-German Rivalry and the Outbreak of war.
• General Erich Ludendorff was a top German military commander in the latter stages of World War I.
• General Paul von Hindenburg was a German general and statesman who commanded the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany in 1925.
• General Foch as the Supreme Allied Commander was the main reason for the failure of Ludendorff’s Spring Offensive.
• USA’s entry into the war: Write an account of the USA’s entry into the war.
• David Lloyd George was the British Prime Minister at the end of WW1 and was one of the BIG 3 who determined what the terms were for Germany following the war.
• The Battle of the Aims resulted in German surrender in November 1918, beginning the ‘Hundred Days’.
• The first tank was used on the Western Front on 15th September 1916.
• Home Front: It is a British term which describes the full participation in war effort back at the countries homeland.
• Woodrow Wilson was the American President during WW1 and was an advocate for world peace.
• Desert: A bandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous.
• Ending the war: Changes in Allied Forces, Military developments in 1918 and Germany Surrenders
• Neutrality: The country refuses to pick a side in conflict.
• Salient: A bulge in the front line.
• Vladimir Lenin was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist.
• General Douglas Haig was a senior officer of the British Army and the head of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF).