Theory of reconstructive memory

• the theory of reconstructive memory is a concept developed by sir Frederic Bartlett in the 1930s that proposes that memory is not an exact recording of past events, but rather a construction of what we believe happened based on our previous experiences, beliefs, and knowledge.
• the theory of reconstructive memory suggests that when we recall a past event, we are not simply playing back a recording, but rather reconstructing the memory based on our current perspective, knowledge, and beliefs.
• One of the key concepts in the theory of reconstructive memory is the idea of "effort after meaning". According to Bartlett, people have a natural tendency to try to make sense of new information and integrate it with their existing knowledge and beliefs.

  This process involves actively processing information and actively trying to find meaning in it.
• Effort After meaning can influence how we remember events.

  for example, if we are presented with information that is inconsistent with our existing knowledge or beliefs, we may try to make it fit by altering our memory of the event.

  similarly, it we are asked to recall an event that we only have partial knowledge of, we may fill in the gaps with information that we believe to be true, even it it is not accurate.
• Another key aspect of the theory of reconstructive memory is the role of schema in memory construction.

  A schema is a mental framework or organisational structure that helps us process and remember information. Schemas can influence what we pay attention to, how we interpret new information, and now we remember events.

  for example, it we have a schema for a typical dinner party,

  we may remember details that fit with this schema (such as the food, drinks, and conversation) more easily than details that do not fit (such as an unexpected guest or an unusual activity).
• Overall, the theory of reconstructive memory suggests that memory is not a passive process of retrieving stored information, but an active process of construction that is influenced by our current perspective, beliefs, and knowledge.

  The concept of "effort after meaning" highlights the active role that people play in constructing memories, and emphasises the importance of understanding the influence of schema and other factors on memory construction.